Neil deGrasse Tyson
astrofisikawan
Neil deGrasse Tyson (lahir 5 Oktober 1958) adalah astrofisikawan dan komunikator ilmu pengetahuan Amerika Serikat. Ia adalah kepala Hayden Planetarium di Rose Center for Earth and Space. Semenjak tahun 2006, Neil deGrasse Tyson membawakan acara televisi NOVA scienceNOW di PBS, dan sering kali tampil dalam The Daily Show, The Colbert Report, dan Jeopardy, dan sekarang membawakan acara Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey milik National Geographic Channel.
| Neil deGrasse Tyson | |
|---|---|
 Tyson di Washington, D.C., November 2005 | |
| Lahir | 5 Oktober 1958 The Bronx, New York City, New York, Amerika Serikat |
| Tempat tinggal | Manhattan, New York City, New York, Amerika Serikat |
| Almamater | Harvard College (B.A) University of Texas (M.A.) Columbia University (M.Phil.), (Ph.D.) |
| Penghargaan | NASA Distinguished Public Service Medal |
| Karier ilmiah | |
| Bidang | Astrofisika, kosmologi fisik, komunikasi ilmu pengetahuan |
| Institusi | Hayden Planetarium, PBS, Planetary Society |
| Terinspirasi | Carl Sagan, Fred C. Hess |
Gambaran Umum
suntingTyson dilahirkan di Manhattan, New York dan sudah tertarik pada astronomi sejak berusia sembilan tahun, setelah mengunjungi Planetarium Hayden. Setelah lulus dari The Bronx High School of Science, ia melanjutkan kuliah di Harvard University pada tahun 1980. Setalah menerima gelar master di bidang astronomi di University of Texas at Austin pada tahun 1983, ia mendapat gelar master (1989) dan doktor (1991) di bidang astrofisika dari Columbia University. Untuk tiga tahun berikutnya, ia bekerja sebagai periset di Princeton University, dan pada tahun 1994, ia bergabung dengan Planetarium Hayden sebagai seorang staf ilmuwan. Pada tahun 1996, ia menjadi direktur dari planetarium ini dan mengawasi pengerjaan proyek pembangunan planetarium seharga $210.000.000, yang akhirnya selesai pada tahun 2000.
Dari tahun 1995 sampai 2005, Tyson menulis di kolom "Universe" untuk majalah Natural History, beberapa diantaranya juga diterbitkan lewat bukunya yang berjudul Death by Black Hole (2007). Di periode yang sama, ia juga menulis di kolom pada majalah Star Date, kolom ini menjawab berbagai pertanyaan tentang alam semesta. Di kolom ini, Tyson menggunakan nama pena 'Merlin'. Tulisannya di kolom ini juga ditampilkan dalam bukunya yang berjudul Merlin's Tour of the Universe (1998) dan Just Visiting This Planet (1998). Tyson juga pernah bekerja di Komisi Masa Depan Industri Antariksa A.S pada tahun 2001, dan pada tahun 2004 juga bekerja di Komisi Penerapan Peraturan Antariksa A.S. Ia juga diberi penghargaan NASA Distinguished Public Service Medal pada tahun yang sama. National Academy of Sciences juga memberi Tyson Public Welfare Medal pada tahun 2015 untuk "peran yang luar biasa dalam membuat masyarakat antusias tentang luar angkasa".[1]
Pengiktirafan
suntingDaftar penghargaan yang diterima oleh Tyson:[2]
Anugerah
sunting- 2001 Medal of Excellence, Columbia University, New York City
- 2004 NASA Distinguished Public Service Medal
- 2005 Science Writing Award
- 2007 Klopsteg Memorial Award winner
- 2009 Douglas S. Morrow Public Outreach Award from the Space Foundation for significant contributions to public awareness of space programs
- 2009 Isaac Asimov Award from the American Humanist Association[3]
- 2014 Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Reality Show Host
- 2014 Dunlap Prize[4]
- 2015 Public Welfare Medal from the National Academy of Sciences[5]
- 2015 Cosmos Award, Planetary Society
- 2017 Hubbard Medal, National Geographic Society[6]
- 2017 Stephen Hawking Medal for Science and Communication, Starmus[7]
Penghargaan
sunting- 2000 Sexiest Astrophysicist Alive, People magazine[8]
- 2001 asteroid named: 13123 Tyson, renamed from Asteroid 1994KA by the International Astronomical Union
- 2001 The Tech 100, voted by editors of Crain's Magazine to be among the 100 most influential technology leaders in New York
- 2004 Fifty Most Important African-Americans in Research Science[9]
- 2007 Harvard 100: Most Influential, Harvard Alumni magazine, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- 2007 The Time 100, voted by the editors of Time magazine as one of the 100 most influential persons in the world[10]
- 2008 Discover Magazine selected him as one of "The 10 Most Influential People in Science"[11]
Dokter kehormatan
sunting- 1997 York College, City University of New York
- 2000 Ramapo College, Mahwah, New Jersey
- 2000 Dominican College, Orangeburg, New York
- 2001 University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia
- 2002 Bloomfield College, Bloomfield, New Jersey
- 2003 Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
- 2004 College of Staten Island, City University of New York
- 2006 Pace University, New York City
- 2007 Williams College, Williamstown, Massachusetts
- 2007 Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts
- 2008 University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- 2010 University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama
- 2010 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
- 2010 Eastern Connecticut State University, Willimantic, Connecticut
- 2011 Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
- 2012 Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Massachusetts
- 2012 Western New England University, Springfield, Massachusetts
- 2015 University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts
- 2017 Baruch College, New York, New York
Filmografi
sunting| Tahun | Judul | Peran | Nota |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2006–2011 | Nova ScienceNow | Pembawa acara | Serial TV |
| 2007 | The Universe | Diri sendiri | Dokumenter |
| 2010 | NOVA | Hos | Episode: "The Pluto Files" |
| 2012 | The Inexplicable Universe: Unsolved Mysteries | Diri sendiri | Serial ceramah 6-bagian dari Kursus Besar[12] |
| 2014 | Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey | Pembawa acara/narator | Dokumenter |
| 2015–kini | StarTalk | Pembawa acara | Serial TV |
| 2016 | Food Evolution | Narator | Dokumenter |
Penampilan lain lain
sunting| Tahun | Tajuk | Peranan | Catatan |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 | Stargate: Atlantis | Diri sendiri | Episode: "Brain Storm"[13] |
| 2010 | The Big Bang Theory | Diri sendiri | Episode: "The Apology Insufficiency" |
| 2012 | Martha Speaks | Diri sendiri | Episode "Eyes on the Skies" |
| 2014 | Gravity Falls | Waddles the pig | Episode: "Little Gift Shop of Horrors"[14] |
| 2015 | Brooklyn Nine-Nine | Diri sendiri | Episode: "The Swedes"[15] |
| 2016 | Family Guy | Diri sendiri | Episode: "Scammed Yankees" |
| 2016 | Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice | Diri sendiri | Film superhero |
| 2016 | Lazer Team | Diri sendiri | Film komedi |
| 2016 | Ice Age: Collision Course | Neil deBuck Weasel | Film animasi |
| 2016 | Zoolander 2 | Diri sendiri | Film komedi |
| 2016 | BoJack Horseman | Suara latar planetarium | Episode: "That's Too Much, Man!" |
| 2016 | 100 Things to Do Before High School | Diri sendiri | Episode: "Meet Your Idol Thing!" |
| 2016 | Future-Worm! | Diri sendiri | Episod: "Long Live Captain Cakerz!" |
| 2016 | The Jim Gaffigan Show | Diri sendiri | Episod: "Jim at the Museum" |
| 2016 | Regular Show | Dirinya sendiri | Episod: "Terror Tales of The Park VI" |
| 2016 | Mars | Diri sendiri | Serial TV mini |
| 2017 | The Simpsons | Diri sendiri | Episode: "Caper Chase" |
| 2017 | Futurama: Worlds of Tomorrow | Diri sendiri | Game aplikasi mobile |
Diskografi
sunting| Judul | Tahun | Artist | Album |
|---|---|---|---|
| "Exist"[16] | 2016 | Avenged Sevenfold | The Stage |
| "AfricAryaN"[17][18][19] | 2017 | Logic | Everybody |
Karya
suntingDaftar karya oleh Tyson:[20]
Buku
sunting- Merlin's Tour of the Universe (1st ed. 1989; 2nd ed. 1998). ISBN 0-385-48835-1.
- Universe Down to Earth (1994). ISBN 0-231-07560-X.
- Just Visiting This Planet (1998). ISBN 0-385-48837-8.
- One Universe: At Home in the Cosmos (2000). ISBN 0-309-06488-0.
- Cosmic Horizons: Astronomy at the Cutting Edge (2000). ISBN 1-56584-602-8.
- City of Stars: A New Yorker's Guide to the Cosmos (2002)
- My Favorite Universe (a 12-part lecture series) (2003). ISBN 1-56585-663-5.
- Origins: Fourteen Billion Years of Cosmic Evolution (co-authored with Donald Goldsmith) (2004). ISBN 0-393-32758-2.
- The Sky Is Not the Limit: Adventures of an Urban Astrophysicist (2004). ISBN 978-1-59102-188-9.
- Death by Black Hole: And Other Cosmic Quandaries (2007). ISBN 0-393-33016-8.
- The Pluto Files: The Rise and Fall of America's Favorite Planet (2009). ISBN 0-393-06520-0.
- Space Chronicles: Facing the Ultimate Frontier (2012). ISBN 0-393-08210-5.
- Welcome to the Universe: An Astrophysical Tour (co-authored with Michael A. Strauss and J. Richard Gott) (2016). ISBN 978-0691157245.
- Astrophysics for People in a Hurry (2017). ISBN 978-0-39360-939-4.
Publikasi penelitian
sunting- Twarog, Bruce A.; Tyson, Neil D. (1985). "UVBY Photometry of Blue Stragglers in NGC 7789". Astronomical Journal 90: 1247. doi:10.1086/113833.
- Tyson, Neil D.; Scalo, John M. (1988). "Bursting Dwarf Galaxies: Implications for Luminosity Function, Space Density, and Cosmological Mass Density". Astrophysical Journal 329: 618. doi:10.1086/166408.
- Tyson, Neil D. (1988). "On the possibility of Gas-Rich Dwarf Galaxies in the Lyman-alpha Forest". Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 329: L57. doi:10.1086/185176.
- Tyson, Neil D.; Rich, Michael (1991). "Radial Velocity Distribution and Line Strengths of 33 Carbon Stars in the Galactic Bulge". Astrophysical Journal 367: 547. doi:10.1086/169651.
- Tyson, Neil D.; Gal, Roy R. (1993). "An Exposure Guide for Taking Twilight Flatfields with Large Format CCDs". Astronomical Journal 105: 1206. doi:10.1086/116505.
- Tyson, Neil D.; Richmond, Michael W.; Woodhams, Michael; Ciotti, Luca (1993). "On the Possibility of a Major Impact on Uranus in the Past Century". Astronomy & Astrophysics (Research Notes) 275: 630.
- Schmidt, B. P., et al. (1994). "The Expanding Photosphere Method Applied to SN1992am at cz = 14600 km/s". Astronomical Journal 107: 1444.
- Wells, L. A. et al. (1994). "The Type Ia Supernova 1989B in NGC3627 (M66)". Astronomical Journal 108: 2233. doi:10.1086/117236.
- Hamuy, M. et al. (1996). "BVRI Light Curves For 29 Type Ia Supernovae". Astronomical Journal 112: 2408. doi:10.1086/118192.
- Lira, P. et al. (1998). "Optical light curves of the Type IA supernovae SN 1990N and 1991T". Astronomical Journal 116: 1006. doi:10.1086/300175.
- Scoville, N. et al. (2007). "The Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS): Overview". Astrophysical Journal Supplement 172: 1. doi:10.1086/516585.
- Scoville, N. et al. (2007). "COSMOS: Hubble Space Telescope Observations". Astrophysical Journal Supplement 172: 38. doi:10.1086/516580.
- Liu, C. T.; Capak, P.; Mobasher, B.; Paglione, T. A. D.; Scoville, N. Z.; Tribiano, S. M.; Tyson, N. D. (2008). "The Faint-End Slopes of Galaxy Luminosity Functions in the COSMOS Field". Astrophysical Journal Letters 672: 198. doi:10.1086/522361.
Referensi
sunting- ^ "Neil deGrasse Tyson to Receive Public Welfare Medal – Academy's Most Prestigious Award" (2015-02-26). National Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 2015-03-09.
- ^ "Curriculum Vitae Diarsipkan 2012-01-01 di Wayback Machine.". Hayden Planetarium (2015). Retrieved 2015-10-28.
- ^ "Assorted Honors". Hayden Planetarium. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2010-01-11.
- ^ http://dunlap.utoronto.ca/about/dunlap-prize/ Dunlap Prize
- ^ "Feb 26, 2015: Neil deGrasse Tyson to Receive Public Welfare Medal". nasonline.org.
- ^ "High Honors". National Geographic. Vol. 232 no. 1. July 2017. hlm. 152.
- ^ "Stephen Hawking medal for science and communication". Starmus. Diakses tanggal 6 September 2017.
- ^ "Neil De Grasse Tyson: Sexiest Astrophysicist". People Magazine. 54 (20). November 13, 2000. Diakses tanggal December 16, 2011.
- ^ "50 Of the Most Inspiring African Americans" (ed. Patricia Hinds), 2002, Essence Books (New York), p. 145.
- ^ Michael D. Lemonick (May 3, 2007). "Neil deGrasse Tyson". The Time 100. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009-04-12. Diakses tanggal June 7, 2009.
- ^ Kruglinski, Susan; Long, Marion (November 26, 2008). "The 10 Most Influential People in Science". Discover magazine. Retrieved April 26, 2008.
- ^ "The Inexplicable Universe: Unsolved Mysteries". Thegreatcourses.com. Diakses tanggal 2014-03-12.
- ^ "Neil deGrasse Tyson". IMDb. Diakses tanggal 2016-01-27.
- ^ Joseph C. Lin. "First Look Of Neil deGrasse Tyson Voicing A Pig In Gravity Falls". TIME.com.
- ^ Kimberly, Truong. "Neil deGrasse Tyson will tutor Chelsea Peretti on 'Brooklyn Nine-Nine". Mashable. Diakses tanggal December 7, 2015.
- ^ Epstein, Dan (28 October 2016). "Avenged Sevenfold Talk Wild New AI-Themed LP, Neil deGrasse Tyson Cameo". RollingStone. Rolling Stone. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 18 March 2017.
- ^ Hernandez, Victoria (10 April 2017). "Logic Releases "Everybody" Album Tracklist With Array Of Guest Features". HIPHOPDX. HipHopDX. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 13 April 2017.
- ^ Berry, Peter A. (11 April 2017). "Here's the Tracklist for Logic's New Album 'Everybody'". XXL. XXL. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 13 April 2017.
- ^ Renshaw, David (11 April 2017). "Logic Has Recruited Juicy J, Khalid, And Neil deGrasse Tyson For His New Album". Fader. The Fader. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 13 April 2017.
- ^ "Curriculum Vitae Diarsipkan 2012-01-01 di Wayback Machine., HaydenPlanetarium.org; retrieved May 16, 2014.
Pranala luar
sunting
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