Partai Rakyat Nasional Jerman
partai politik di Kekaisaran Jerman
(Dialihkan dari Partai rakyat nasional jerman)
Partai Rakyat Nasional Jerman (bahasa Jerman: Deutschnationale Volkspartei, DNVP) adalah sebuah partai konservatif nasional di Jerman pada zaman Republik Weimar. Sebelum kebangkitan Partai Pekerja Jerman Sosialis Nasional (NSDAP), partai tersebut menjadi partai nasionalis dan konservatif utama di Jerman Weimar. Partai tersebut merupakan sebuah aliansi dari unsur-unsur nasionalis, monarkis reaksioner, völkisch, dan antisemitik, dan didukung oleh Liga Pan-Jerman.[9]
Partai Rakyat Nasional Jerman Deutschnationale Volkspartei | |
|---|---|
| Dibentuk | 1918 |
| Dibubarkan | 1933 |
| Didahului oleh | Partai Konservatif Jerman Partai Konservatif Bebas Partai Tanah Air Jerman Partai Liberal Nasional (sebagian) |
| Diteruskan oleh | Sistem partai tunggal NSDAP (1933-1945) |
| Surat kabar | NA; didukung oleh kelompok media Alfred Hugenberg |
| Sayap pemuda | Bismarckjugend |
| Sayap paramiliter | Stahlhelm, Bund der Frontsoldaten |
| Ideologi | Konservatisme (dulunya) Konservatisme nasional nasionalisme Jerman Populisme[1][2] Monarkisme[3][4][5] Agrarianisme Antisemitisme[6] |
| Posisi politik | Sayap kanan sampai Kanan jauh[7][8] |
| Afiliasi internasional | Tidak ada |
| Warna | Hitam, putih, merah (warna-warna kekaisaran) |
| Bendera | |
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Catatan
sunting- ^ Kitchen, Martin (2006), Europe Between the Wars: A Political History (edisi ke-Second), Pearson Education, hlm. 249
- ^ Barth, Boris (2006), Genozid: Völkermord im 20. Jahrhundert : Geschichte, Theorien, Kontroversen (dalam bahasa German), C. H. Beck, hlm. 176
- ^ Serge, Victor (2011), Witness to the German Revolution, Haymarket Books, hlm. 232
- ^ Gunlicks, Arthur B. (2011), Comparing Liberal Democracies: The United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, and the European Union, iUniverse, hlm. 127
- ^ Ringer, Fritz K. (1990), The Decline of the German Mandarins: The German Academic Community, 1890-1933, University Press of New England, hlm. 201
- ^ Eric D. Weitz, Weimar Germany: Promise and Tragedy. (Princeton: Princeton University, 2007), 95-96.
- ^ Caldwell, Peter C. (1997), Popular Sovereignty and the Crisis of German Constitutional Law: The Theory & Practice of Weimar Constitutionalism, Duke University Press, hlm. 74
- ^ Caldwell, Peter C. (2008), "The Citizen and the Republic in Germany, 1918–1935", Citizenship and National Identity in Twentieth-Century Germany, Stanford University Press, hlm. 48
- ^ Adolf Hitler: a biographical companion David Nicholls page 178 November 1, 2000 The main nationalist party the German National People's Party DNVP was divided between reactionary conservative monarchists, who wished to turn the clock back to the pre-1918 Kaisereich, and more radical volkisch and anti-semitic elements. It also inherited the support of old Pan-German League, whose nationalistsm rested on belief in the inherent superiority of the German people
Bacaan tambahan
sunting- Beck, Hermann "Between the Dictates of Conscience and Political Expediency: Hitler's Conservative Alliance Partner and Antisemitism during the Nazi Seizure of Power" pages 611-640 from Journal of Contemporary History, Volume 41, Issue # 4, October 2006.
- Beck, Hermann (2009), The Fateful Alliance : German Conservatives and Nazis in 1933 : The Machtergreifung In A New Light, Oxford: Berghahn Books, ISBN 9781845454968
- Broszat, Martin (1987), Hitler and The Collapse of Weimar Germany, London: Macmillan, ISBN 0854965092
- Chanady, Attila "The Disintegration of the German National Peoples' Party 1924-1930" pages 65–91 from The Journal of Modern History, Volume 39, Issue # 1, March 1967.
- Childers, Thomas (1983), The Nazi Voter : The Social Foundations Of Fascism In Germany, 1919-1933, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, ISBN 0807815705
- Feuchtwanger, Edgar (1993), From Weimar to Hitler : Germany, 1918-33, London: Macmillan, ISBN 0333274660
- Fulda, Bernard (2009), Press and Politics in the Weimar Republic, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ISBN 9780199547784
- "German National People's Party Program" pages 348-352 from The Weimar Republic Sourcebook edited by Anton Kaes, Martin Jay and Edward Dimendberg, Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1994, ISBN 0-520-06774-6.
- Grathwol, Robert (1980), Stresemann and the DNVP : Reconciliation Or Revenge In German Foreign Policy, 1924-1928, Lawrence: Regents Press of Kansas, ISBN 0700601996
- Hamilton, Richard (1982), Who voted for Hitler?, Princeton: Princeton University Press, ISBN 0691093954
- Hertzman, Lewis "The Founding of the German National People's Party (DNVP), November 1918-January 1919" pages 24–36 from The Journal of Modern History, Volume 30, Issue #1, March 1958.
- Hertzman, Lewis (1963), DNVP: Right-wing opposition in the Weimar Republic, 1918-1924, Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press
- Jones, Larry Eugene "'The Greatest Stupidity of My Life': Alfred Hugenberg and the Formation of the Hitler Cabinet, January 1933" pages 63–87 from Journal of Contemporary History, Volume 27, Issue #1, January 1992.
- Jones, Larry Eugene "German Conservatism at the Crossroads: Count Kuno von Westarp and the Struggle for Control of the DNVP, 1928–30" pages 147-177 from Contemporary European History, Volume 18, Issue #2, May 2009.
- Kershaw, Ian (1998), Hitler, 1889-1936 : Hubris, New York: Norton, ISBN 0393046710
- Kolb, Eberhard (1988), The Weimar Republic, London: Unwin Hyman, ISBN 0049430491
- Leopold, John (1977), Alfred Hugenberg The Radical Nationalist Campaign against the Weimar Republic, New Haven: Yale University Press, ISBN 0300020686
- Scheck, Raffael (1998), Alfred von Tirpitz and German Right-Wing Politics, 1914-1930, Atlantic Highlands: Humanities Press, ISBN 039104043X
- Scheck, Raffael "Women on the Weimar Right: The Role of Female Politicians in the Deutschnationale Volkspartei" pages 547-560 from Journal of Contemporary History, Volume 36, Issue #4, October 2001.
- Scheck, Raffael (2004), Mothers Of The Nation : Right-wing Women In Weimar Germany, New York: Berg, ISBN 1859737072
- Shirer, William (1960), The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich, New York: Simon and Schuster
- Turner, Henry Ashby (1996), Hitler’s Thirty Days To Power : January 1933, Reading: Addison-Wesley, ISBN 0201407140
- Walker, D.C. "The German Nationalist People's Party: The Conservative Dilemma in the Weimar Republic" pages 627-647 from Journal of Contemporary History, Volume 14, Issue 4, October 1979.
- Wheeler-Bennett, John (1967), The Nemesis of Power The German Army in Politics 1918-1945, London: Macmillan, ISBN 1403918120
Pranala luar
sunting- Hugenberg’s Disowned Land Grab Idea in Reality Rosenberg-Hitler's Special Pet Project. Account from 16 July 1933 on the Hugenberg memorandum
- Extracts from the DNVP newspaper from 1919 Diarsipkan 2015-06-18 di Wayback Machine.
- Site about the DNVP in German
- Democracy to Dictatorship. Posters from the Weimar Republic
- Racist, DNVP anti-Locarno poster from 1928 featuring an African serving in the French Army
- The German National People's Party (DNVP) Demonstrates against the Proposed Expropriation of Princely Estates (June 1926)
- Anti Young Plan Poster by the Reich Committee for a German Referendum (September 1929)