Pemogokan buruh pelabuhan Pesisir Barat 1934
Pemogokan buruh pelabuhan Pesisir Barat 1934 berlangsung selama 83 hari, dimulai pada tanggal 9 Mei 1934, ketika buruh pelabuhan di setiap negara bagian di Pesisir Barat Amerika Serikat melakukan mogok kerja. Diorganisir oleh International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU), aksi mogok kerja ini berpuncak dengan tewasnya dua buruh dalam peristiwa "Bloody Thursday" dan San Francisco General Strike, yang menghentikan semua pekerjaan di kota-kota pelabuhan besar selama empat hari dan berujung pada berakhirnya aksi mogok kerja.[3]
Pemogokan buruh pelabuhan Pesisir Barat 1934 | |||
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Tanggal | 9 Mei – 31 Juli 1934 (84 hari)[1] | ||
Lokasi | Everett, Washington; Portland, Oregon; San Francisco, California; Seattle, Washington; Los Angeles, California | ||
Metode | Mogok kerja, unjuk rasa, demonstrasi | ||
Pihak terlibat | |||
Tokoh utama | |||
Ditahan, dll | |||
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Hasil aksi mogok kerja ini adalah disatukannya semua serikat buruh di pelabuhan Pesisir Barat Amerika Serikat. Pemogokan Umum San Francisco 1934, serta Pemogokan Toledo Auto-Lite 1934 yang diorganisir oleh Partai Buruh Amerika Serikat dan pemogokan umum Minneapolis 1934 yang diatur oleh Liga Komunis Amerika Serikat, adalah peristiwa-peristiwa yang menyebabkan maraknya unionisme industrial pada tahun 1930-an, yang kemudian dikelola melalui Kongres Organisasi Industrial.[1]
Referensi
sunting- ^ a b Preis, Art (1974). Labor's giant step: twenty years of the CIO (dalam bahasa Inggris). Pathfinder Press. hlm. 31–33. ISBN 9780873480246.
- ^ Kimeldorf, Howard (1988). Reds or Rackets?: The Making of Radical and Conservative Unions on the Waterfront (dalam bahasa Inggris). University of California Press. hlm. 101. ISBN 9780520912779.
- ^ David F. Selvin, A terrible anger: The 1934 waterfront and general strikes in San Francisco (Wayne State University Press, 1996).
Bacaan lanjutan
sunting- Workers on the Waterfront, Seamen, Longshoremen and Unionism in the 1930s, by Bruce Nelson, ISBN 0252061446
- Cherny, Robert W. "The making of a labor radical: Harry Bridges, 1901–1934." Pacific Historical Review 64.3 (1995): 363–388 online.
- A Terrible Anger: The 1934 Waterfront and General Strikes in San Francisco, by David F. Selvin. Wayne State University Press (1996). ISBN 0814326102.
- Dock Strike: History of the 1934 Waterfront Strike in Portland, Oregon, by Roger Buchanan
- Reds or Rackets, The Making of Radical and Conservative Unions on the Waterfront, by Howard Kimeldorf, ISBN 0520078861
- The Big Strike, by Mike Quin, ISBN 0717805042
- Harry Bridges, The Rise and Fall of Radical Labor in the U.S., by Charles Larrowe, ISBN 0882080016
- Agitate, Educate, Organize: Portland, 1934, by William Bigelow & Norman Diamond, Oregon Historical Quarterly, Spring 1988
- Templat:Oregon Encyclopedia
- 1934: The Great Strike, a multimedia section of the Waterfront Workers History Project, including film and photographs of the strike, a day-by-day account of the strike and digitized copies of newspaper articles and worker newsletters.
Arsip
sunting- Anne Rand Library, International Longshore and Warehouse Union. Diarsipkan January 14, 2016, di Wayback Machine. contains digitized materials related to the history of the ILWU, including 1934 strike bulletins.
- San Francisco General Strike of 1934 photographic collections, via Calisphere, California Digital Library
- Finding aids (no online content) for the International Longshoremen’s and Warehousemen’s Union Local 1 Records. 1933–1988. 4.58 cubic ft. (5 boxes). At the University of Washington Libraries Special Collections.
- Jake Arnautoff Papers. 1935–1991. .28 cubic ft. and 1 vertical file.
- Albert H. Farmer Papers. 1926–1981. .84 cubic ft. (2 boxes).
- Wayne "Waino" Moisio papers. 1938–1962. 0.21 cubic ft. (1 box).