Richard Armstrong (Hawaii)
Richard Armstrong (13 April 1805 – 23 September 1860) adalah seorang misionaris asal Pennsylvania yang datang ke Hawaii pada 1832. Bersama dengan istrinya Clarissa, ia melayani lahan-lahan misi di Kepulauan Marquesas dan Kepulauan Hawaii. Ia mendirikan beberapa gereja dan sekolah, dan menjadi Kahu (gembala) Gereja Kawaiahaʻo setelah kepergian Hiram Bingham I. Kamehameha III mengangkatnya menjadi Menteri Pengarahan Masyarakat, dan pelantikannya mendatangkan sebuah sistem pendidikan yang membuatnya dijuluki "bapak pendidikan Amerika di Hawaii".
| Richard Armstrong | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Lahir | 13 April 1805 McEwensville, Pennsylvania |
| Meninggal | 23 September 1860 (umur 55) Honolulu, Hawaii |
| Makam | Pemakaman Gereja Kawaiahaʻo |
| Almamater | Dickinson College Princeton Theological Seminary |
| Dikenal atas | Misionaris Pengajar |
| Suami/istri | Clarissa Chapman Armstrong (1805–1891) |
| Anak | Caroline Porter (1832–1905) William Nevins I (1834–1835) William Nevins (1835–1905) Mary Jane (1836–1920) Richard Baxter (1837–1871) Samuel Chapman (1839–1893) Clarissa Hannah (1840–1904) Reuben Chapman (1842–1843) Ellen Eliza (1844–1924) Amelia (1845–1923) |
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Catatan sunting
Referensi sunting
- Armstrong, Mrs. Mary Frances Morgan (1887). Richard Armstrong. Normal School Stream Press – via HathiTrust.
- Hawaiian Mission Children's Society (1901). American Protestant Missionaries to Hawaii. Hawaiian Mission Children's Society – via HathiTrust.
- MacLennan, Carol A. (2014). Sovereign Sugar Industry and Environment in Hawai'i. University of Hawai'i Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-4024-2. OCLC 875895012 – via Project MUSE. ((Perlu berlangganan (help)).
- Ohles, John F (1978). Biographical Dictionary of American Educators. 1. Greenwood Publishing Group, Incorporated – via Questia (perlu berlangganan). ISBN 0-8371-9894-1.
- Engs, Robert Francis (1999). "Richard Armstrong and His Hawaiian Mission". Educating the Disfranchised and Disinherited: Samuel Chapman Armstrong and Hampton Institute, 1839–1893. Univ Tennessee Press. hlm. 1–11. ISBN 978-1-57233-051-1.
- Punahou School (1866). Catalogue of the teachers and pupils of Punahou school and Oahu College for twenty-five years, ending 1866, with an account of the quarter century celebration held at Punahou June 15th, 1866. Honolulu, HI: Punahou School – via HathiTrust.