SHERPA (wahana tunda antariksa)
SHERPA adalah dispenser satelit komersial yang dikembangkan oleh Andrews Space, anak perusahaan Spaceflight Industries, dan diluncurkan pada tahun 2012. Penerbangan perdananya dilakukan pada tanggal 3 Desember 2018 dengan roket Falcon 9 Block 5, dan terdiri dari dua varian dispenser yang tidak memiliki pendorong.
Berada di atas tahap akhir peluncur, peluncuran SHERPA mengikuti penyebaran muatan misi utama untuk penyebaran minisatelit, mikrosatelit, atau nanosatelit seperti CubeSat. SHERPA dibangun berdasarkan kemampuan Sistem Muatan Sekunder Penerbangan Antariksa (SSPS) dengan menggabungkan subsistem propulsi dan pembangkit daya, yang menciptakan tarikan propulsi yang didedikasikan untuk bermanuver ke orbit optimal guna menempatkan muatan sekunder dan muatan yang dihosting.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
Riwayat penerbangan
sunting| Penerbangan | Versi | Tanggal / waktu | Peluncur | Orbit | Keterangan | Hasil |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | SHERPA | 3 December 2018,
18:34:05 |
F9 B5 ♺ | SSO | The first launch of SHERPA was on 3 December 2018 on a rideshare mission called SSO-A: SmallSat Express. The two SHERPA dispensers were originally planned to deploy more than 70 small satellites from 18 countries,[10] which included 15 microsatellites and 56 CubeSats carried on two separate SHERPA dispensers.[6][11] However, later changes reduced the number of satellites to 64. Both dispensers separated from the Falcon 9 rocket once it entered a polar Sun-synchronous orbit around 575 kilometers above Earth. Both dispensers in this mission lacked propulsion, but unfurled dragsails to lower their altitude as needed for sequential payload release.[6] The total payload mass riding on this Falcon 9 Block 5 rocket was approximately 4 metric tons (4,000 kg).[6] | Sukses |
| 2 | SHERPA-FX1 | 24 January 2021
15:00 |
F9 B5 ♺ B1058.5 | SSO | First launch of SHERPA-FX. Carried 3 microsats, 10 cubesats and 2 hosted payloads as a part of Transporter-1 (SmallSat Rideshare Mission 1).[12] | Sukses |
| 3 | SHERPA-FX2 | 30 June 2021
19:31 |
F9 B5 ♺ B1060.8 | SSO | Second launch of SHERPA-FX. Carried 3 microsats, 21 cubesats and 1 hosted payloads as a part of Transporter-2 (SmallSat Rideshare Mission 12).[13] | Sukses |
| 3 | SHERPA-LTE1 | First launch of SHERPA-LTE. Carried 3 microsats and 8 cubesats as a part of Transporter-2 (SmallSat Rideshare Mission 12).[13] | Sukses | |||
| 4 | SHERPA-AC1 | 25 May 2022
18:35 |
F9 B5 ♺ B1061.8 | SSO | First launch of SHERPA-AC. Carried 2 hosted payloads as a part of Transporter-5 rideshare mission.[14] | Sukses |
| 5 | SHERPA-LTC2 | 5 September 2022
02:09 |
F9 B5 ♺ B1052.7 | SSO | Starlink Group 4-20 rideshare. Carries Boeing's Varuna-TDM as sole hosted payload. | Sukses |
| X | SHERPA-LTC1 | Cancelled[15] | F9 B5 ♺ B10xx.x | SSO | Removed from rideshare launch after post-integration propellant leak.[16] | Cancelled |
Lihat pula
suntingReferensi
sunting- ^ "Spaceflight Plans 2014 Demo Launch of Sherpa In-space Tug". SpaceNews. 2012-05-07.
- ^ Spaceflight Unveils SHERPA In-Space Tug. Doug Messier, Parabolic Arc. May 7, 2012.
- ^ Jason Andrews. "Spaceflight Secondary Payload System (SSPS) and SHERPA Tug - A New Business Model for Secondary and Hosted Payloads (2012)".
- ^ Spaceflight Secondary Payload System Diarsipkan 2012-07-07 di Archive.is, retrieved 2012-05-10.
- ^ "A Message from Spaceflight President Curt Blake on the FormaSat-5/SHERPA launch - Spaceflight". Spaceflight (dalam bahasa Inggris). March 2, 2017. Diakses tanggal March 2, 2017.
- ^ a b c d Spaceflight preps for first launch of unique orbiting satellite deployers. Stephern Clarke, Spaceflight Now. 23 August 2018.
- ^ "SpaceX Will Lose Millions on Its Taiwanese Satellite Launch". Wired. 24 August 2017.
- ^ "SpaceX severs ties with longtime partner Spaceflight Inc". SpaceNews.com. 21 March 2022.
- ^ "Spaceflight launches five customer payloads aboard SpaceX's Transporter-5 mission and debuts the firm's latest OTV — Sherpa-AC". SatNews.com. 30 May 2022.
- ^ Sorensen, Jodi (August 6, 2018). "Spaceflight prepares historic launch of more than 70 spacecraft aboard SpaceX Falcon9". Spaceflight Industries. Diakses tanggal August 6, 2018.
- ^ Introducing SSO-A: The Smallsat Express. Spaceflight Industries. Accessed: 17 November 2018.
- ^ Sorensen, Jodi (January 20, 2021). "ALL ABOARD! TRANSPORTER-1 (SXRS-3) DEPARTING SOON".
- ^ a b "SpaceX successfully launches Transporter 2 mission with 88 satellites including SHERPA OTVs". www.nasaspaceflight.com. May 27, 2021.
- ^ Sorensen, Jodi (23 May 2022). "Who's onboard Transporter-5?".
- ^ "SpaceX severs ties with longtime partner Spaceflight Inc". SpaceNews.com. 21 March 2022.
- ^ Foust, Jeff (December 23, 2021). "Propellant leak forces Sherpa tug off SpaceX rideshare mission".