Penggali parit

Sapper, yang juga disebut pioneer atau combat engineer, adalah seorang kombatan atau prajurit yang memegang berbagai tugas teknik militer seperti menerobos benteng, penghancuran, pembangunan jembatan, melapisi atau mengkosongkan ladang-ladang pertambangan, menyiapkan pertahanan medan, serta bekerja di pembangunan dan perbaikan jalan raya dan landasan udara. Mereka juga berlatih untuk bertugas sebagai personil infanteri dalam operasi defensif dan ofensif.

Para sapper ("sapeurs") dari Legiun Luar Negeri Prancis secara tradisional memiliki janggut yang besar, mengenakan apron kulit dan sarung tangan dalam busana seremonial mereka, dan membawa kapak.

Referensi

Kutipan

Daftar pustaka

• Carver, Michael, Field Marshal Lord (2003). The National Army Museum Book of The Turkish Front 1914–1918: The Campaigns at Gallipoli, in Mesopotamia and in Palestine. London: Pan Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-283-07347-2. 
• Falls, Cyril; A. F. Becke (maps) (1930). Military Operations Egypt & Palestine from June 1917 to the End of the War. Official History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. 2 Part II. London: H.M. Stationery Office. OCLC 256950972. 
• Jobson, Christopher (2009). Looking Forward, Looking Back: Customs and Traditions of the Australian Army. Wavell Heights, Queensland: Big Sky Publishing. ISBN 978-0-9803251-6-4. 
• Ott, David Ewing, (1975). Vietnam Studies, Field Artillery, 1954–1973. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-12-19. Diakses tanggal 2018-08-13. 
• Preston, R. M. P. (1921). The Desert Mounted Corps: An Account of the Cavalry Operations in Palestine and Syria 1917–1918. London: Constable & Co. OCLC 3900439. 

Pranala luar

• Royal Engineers Museum – History of the Royal Engineers (The Sappers)
• Royal Engineers Museum – Origins of the term "Sapper"
• - Site for tracking down former members of the Royal Engineers.
• Dec 1918 Popular Science World War 1 article about a French engineer using a ground stethoscope to listen for German sappers – Listening to Enemy Sappers, Popular Science monthly, January 1919, page 27, Scanned by Google Books
• Sapper-Museum, virtual museum of Russian engineering troops
• A.-M. Zielenski , Colonel (sapper), Military Engineer