Templat:Kotak info boron

₅B
Boron
5BBoron
	Boron (β-rombohedron)
	Garis spektrum boron
Sifat umum
Pengucapan	/boron/
Alotrop	α-, β-rombohedron, β-tetragon (dan lainnya)
Penampilan	hitam cokelat
Boron dalam tabel periodik
	berilium ← boron → karbon
Nomor atom (Z)	5
Golongan	golongan 13
Periode	periode 2
Blok	blok-p
Kategori unsur	metaloid
Berat atom standar (Ar)	[10,806, 10,821]; 10,81±0,02 (diringkas);
Konfigurasi elektron	[He] 2s2 2p1
Elektron per kelopak	2, 3
Sifat fisik
Fase pada STS (0 °C dan 101,325 kPa)	padat
Titik lebur	2349 K (2076 °C, 3769 °F)
Titik didih	4200 K (3927 °C, 7101 °F)
Kepadatan saat cair, pada t.l.	2,08 g/cm3
Kalor peleburan	50,2 kJ/mol
Kalor penguapan	480 kJ/mol
Kapasitas kalor molar	11,087 J/(mol·K)
Sifat atom
Bilangan oksidasi	−5, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3 (oksida agak asam)
Elektronegativitas	Skala Pauling: 2.04
Energi ionisasi	ke-1: 800,6 kJ/mol ; ke-2: 2427,1 kJ/mol ; ke-3: 3659,7 kJ/mol ; (artikel)
Jari-jari atom	empiris: 90 pm
Jari-jari kovalen	84±3 pm
Jari-jari van der Waals	192 pm
Lain-lain
Kelimpahan alami	primordial
Struktur kristal	rombohedron
Kecepatan suara batang ringan	16.200 m/s (suhu 20 °C)
Ekspansi kalor	(bentuk β) 5–7 µm/(m·K) (suhu 25 °C)
Konduktivitas termal	27,4 W/(m·K)
Resistivitas listrik	~106 Ω·m (suhu 20 °C)
Arah magnet	diamagnetik
Suseptibilitas magnetik molar	−6,7×10−6 cm3/mol
Skala Mohs	~9,5
Nomor CAS	7440-42-8
Sejarah
Penemuan	J. Gay-Lussac dan L. Thénard (30 Juni 1808)
Isolasi pertama	H. Davy (9 Juli 1808)
Isotop boron yang utama
	Kelimpahan 10B kemungkinan hanya serendah 19,1% dan setinggi 20,3% dalam sampel alami. Sisanya diisi oleh 11B.
	lihat; bicara; sunting; \| referensi \| di Wikidata

Navigasi unsur

PT<nama unsur>PT

←

iso0B

ibox E

wd:Q618

→ H

Referensi

^ (Indonesia) "Boron". KBBI Daring. Diakses tanggal 17 Juli 2022.
^ Braunschweig, H.; Dewhurst, R. D.; Hammond, K.; Mies, J.; Radacki, K.; Vargas, A. (2012). "Ambient-Temperature Isolation of a Compound with a Boron-Boron Triple Bond". Science. 336 (6087): 1420–2. Bibcode:2012Sci...336.1420B. doi:10.1126/science.1221138. PMID 22700924.
^ Zhang, K.Q.; Guo, B.; Braun, V.; Dulick, M.; Bernath, P.F. (1995). "Infrared Emission Spectroscopy of BF and AIF" (PDF). J. Molecular Spectroscopy. 170 (1): 82. Bibcode:1995JMoSp.170...82Z. doi:10.1006/jmsp.1995.1058.
^ Melanie Schroeder. Eigenschaften von borreichen Boriden und Scandium-Aluminium-Oxid-Carbiden (PDF) (dalam bahasa Jerman). hlm. 139.
^ Holcombe Jr., C. E.; Smith, D. D.; Lorc, J. D.; Duerlesen, W. K.; Carpenter; D. A. (October 1973). "Physical-Chemical Properties of beta-Rhombohedral Boron". High Temp. Sci. 5 (5): 349–57.
^ Lide, David R. (ed.) (2000). Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF). CRC press. ISBN 0849304814.
^ Haynes, William M., ed. (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (edisi ke-97). CRC Press. hlm. 4.127. ISBN 9781498754293.
^ Gay Lussac, J.L. and Thenard, L.J. (1808) "Sur la décomposition et la recomposition de l'acide boracique," Annales de chimie [later: Annales de chemie et de physique], vol. 68, hlm. 169–174.
^ Davy H (1809). "An account of some new analytical researches on the nature of certain bodies, particularly the alkalies, phosphorus, sulphur, carbonaceous matter, and the acids hitherto undecomposed: with some general observations on chemical theory". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 99: 33–104.
^ ^a ^b "Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions for All Elements". National Institute of Standards and Technology. Diakses tanggal 21 September 2008.
^ Szegedi, S.; Váradi, M.; Buczkó, Cs. M.; Várnagy, M.; Sztaricskai, T. (1990). "Determination of boron in glass by neutron transmission method". Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Letters. 146 (3): 177. doi:10.1007/BF02165219.

[1] (Indonesia) "Boron". KBBI Daring. Diakses tanggal 17 Juli 2022.

[2] Braunschweig, H.; Dewhurst, R. D.; Hammond, K.; Mies, J.; Radacki, K.; Vargas, A. (2012). "Ambient-Temperature Isolation of a Compound with a Boron-Boron Triple Bond". Science. 336 (6087): 1420–2. Bibcode:2012Sci...336.1420B. doi:10.1126/science.1221138. PMID 22700924.

[3] Zhang, K.Q.; Guo, B.; Braun, V.; Dulick, M.; Bernath, P.F. (1995). "Infrared Emission Spectroscopy of BF and AIF" (PDF). J. Molecular Spectroscopy. 170 (1): 82. Bibcode:1995JMoSp.170...82Z. doi:10.1006/jmsp.1995.1058.

[4] Melanie Schroeder. Eigenschaften von borreichen Boriden und Scandium-Aluminium-Oxid-Carbiden (PDF) (dalam bahasa Jerman). hlm. 139.

[5] Holcombe Jr., C. E.; Smith, D. D.; Lorc, J. D.; Duerlesen, W. K.; Carpenter; D. A. (October 1973). "Physical-Chemical Properties of beta-Rhombohedral Boron". High Temp. Sci. 5 (5): 349–57.

[magnet-6] Lide, David R. (ed.) (2000). Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF). CRC press. ISBN 0849304814.

[crc97-7] Haynes, William M., ed. (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (edisi ke-97). CRC Press. hlm. 4.127. ISBN 9781498754293.

[Lussac-8] Gay Lussac, J.L. and Thenard, L.J. (1808) "Sur la décomposition et la recomposition de l'acide boracique," Annales de chimie [later: Annales de chemie et de physique], vol. 68, hlm. 169–174.

[Davy-9] Davy H (1809). "An account of some new analytical researches on the nature of certain bodies, particularly the alkalies, phosphorus, sulphur, carbonaceous matter, and the acids hitherto undecomposed: with some general observations on chemical theory". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 99: 33–104.

[NISTic-10] "Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions for All Elements". National Institute of Standards and Technology. Diakses tanggal 21 September 2008.

[11] Szegedi, S.; Váradi, M.; Buczkó, Cs. M.; Várnagy, M.; Sztaricskai, T. (1990). "Determination of boron in glass by neutron transmission method". Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Letters. 146 (3): 177. doi:10.1007/BF02165219.

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