Tionghoa-Papua Nugini
Orang Tionghoa di Papua Nugini membentuk sebuah komunitas yang sangat beragam. Hingga 2008[update], hanya sekitar 1,000 "Tionghoa lama"—orang keturunan kelahiran imigran akhir abad ke-19 dan awal abad ke-20—yang masih berada di negara tersebut karena sebagian besar telah berpindah ke Australia.[4] Namun, jumlah mereka meningkat secara siginfikan dengan kedatangan komunitas Tionghoa perantauan baru dari Asia Tenggara dan juga Tiongkok daratan.[5] Terdapat juga beberapa migran dari Republik Tiongkok di Taiwan.[6]
| Bahasa | |
|---|---|
| Tok Pisin dan Inggris; Kanton (beberapa orang yang berusia tua);[1] Mandarin (beberapa imigran baru)[2] | |
| Agama | |
| Kristen,[3] minoritas Buddha[2] | |
| Kelompok etnik terkait | |
| Tionghoa Australia |
Tokoh terkenal
sunting- Sir Julius Chan, Perdana Menteri, 1980–82 dan 1994–97[7]
- Byron Chan, putra Julius dan anggota parlemen untuk Distrik Namatanai[7]
- Chin Hoi Meen, pengusaha dan pemimpin komunitas, penerima King's Medal for Courage in the Cause of Freedom[8][9]
- Robert Seeto, mantan gubernur Provinsi New Ireland[7]
- Ni Yumei Cragnolini, presiden Asosiasi Tionghoa[10]
- Perry Kwan, Jurubicara Dewan Majelis Ketiga - 20 April 1972 - 22 Juni 1972. Anggota untuk New Ireland.
Referensi
suntingCatatan
sunting- ^ Wu 2005, hlm. 710
- ^ a b Ichikawa 2006, hlm. 120
- ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag
<ref>tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernamaChin 2008 p=118 - ^ Chin 2008, hlm. 124
- ^ Chin 2008, hlm. 119
- ^ Nelson 2007, hlm. 7
- ^ a b c Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag
<ref>tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernamaNelson 2007 p=3 - ^ Cahill 2006
- ^ Johns, Eric (2004-11-05), "Helping the Aussies", Post-Courier, Papua New Guinea, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-06-16, diakses tanggal 2009-02-13
- ^ "Chinese in PNG feel brunt of Gaming machine crackdown", Radio New Zealand International, 2004-10-18, diakses tanggal 2009-02-12
Sumber
sunting- Cahill, Peter (2006), "Chin, Hoi Meen", Australian Dictionary of Biography (edisi ke-Online), Canberra: Australian National University, ISSN 1833-7538, diakses tanggal 2009-02-12
- Chin, James (2008), "Contemporary Chinese Community in Papua-New Guinea: Old Money versus New Migrants" (PDF), Chinese Southern Diaspora Studies, 2: 117–126, diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2009-04-24, diakses tanggal 2016-08-30
- Ichikawa, Tetsu (2003), "Transformation of Chinese Migration Patterns and Their Community in Papua New Guinea" (PDF), Journal of Asian and African Studies (65): 181–206
- Ichikawa, Tetsu (May 2006), "Chinese in Papua New Guinea: Strategic Practices in Sojourning" (PDF), Journal of Chinese Overseas, 2 (1): 111–132, doi:10.1353/jco.2006.0005
- Jones, Paul (2005), "Chinese in Papua New Guinea and Pacific Island Territories", Chinese–Australian Journeys: Records on travel, migration and settlement, 1860–1975 (PDF), Research Guides (21), Australia: National Archives, hlm. 233–249, ISBN 978-1-920807-30-6, diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2009-06-22, diakses tanggal 2009-02-12
- Nelson, Hank (2007), The Chinese in Papua New Guinea (PDF), State, Society, and Governance in Melanesia Discussion Paper (3), Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University, diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2008-07-26, diakses tanggal 2009-02-12
- Nelson, Hank (2008), "The Consolation Unit: Comfort Women At Rabaul" (PDF), The Journal of Pacific History, 43: 1–22, doi:10.1080/00223340802054578, diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2007-06-10, diakses tanggal 2016-08-30
- Wu, David Y. H. (2005), "Chinese in Papua New Guinea", dalam Ember, Melvin; Ember, Carol R.; Skoggard, Ian, Encyclopedia of Diasporas, hlm. 706–715, ISBN 978-0-306-48321-9
Bacaan tambahan
sunting- Cahill, Peter (1996), "Chinese in Rabaul, 1921–1942: normal practices or containing the yellow peril", Journal of Pacific History, 31: 72–91, doi:10.1080/00223349608572807
- Inglis, Christine (1972), "Chinese", dalam Ryan, Peter, Encyclopaedia of Papua and New Guinea, Carlton: Melbourne University Press, hlm. 170–74, ISBN 978-0-522-84025-4
- Inglis, Christine (1975), "Particularism in the economic organization of the Chinese in Papua New Guinea", Anthropological Forum, 4 (1): 69–76, doi:10.1080/00664677.1975.9967294
- Inglis, Christine (1978), Social Structure and Patterns of Economic Action: The Chinese in Papua New Guinea, Ph.D. dissertation, London School of Economics
- Inglis, Christine (1991), "Women and trade: a Chinese example from Papua New Guinea", dalam Baker, Hugh D.R.; Feuchtwang, Stephan, An old state in new settings: studies in the social anthropology of China: in memory of Maurice Freedman, Occasional Papers (8), United Kingdom: Anthropological Society of Oxford, hlm. 44–69, ISBN 978-1-870047-40-1
- Willson, Margaret (1987), "A History of the Chinese Business Community in Papua New Guinea", Research in Melanesia, 11-12: 26–33
- Willson, Margaret (1989), "The Trader's Voice: PNG-born Chinese Business and the 1987 Elections", dalam Oliver, M., Eleksin: The 1987 National Election in Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby: University of Papua New Guinea, hlm. 99–108, ISBN 978-9980-84-041-7
- Wu, David Y. H. (1974), "To Kill Three Birds with One Stone：the Rotating Credit Associations of the Papua New Guinea Chinese", American Ethnologist, 1 (3): 565–584, doi:10.1525/ae.1974.1.3.02a00110
- Wu, David Y. H. (1975), "Overseas Chinese Entrepreneurship and Kinship Transformation: an Example from Papua New Guinea", Bulletin of the Institute of Ethnology, Taipei: Academia Sinica, 39: 85–105
- Wu, David Y. H. (1977), "Ethnicity and Adaptation: Overseas Chinese Entrepreneurship in Papua New Guinea", Southeast Asian Journal of Social Science, 5 (1–2): 85–95, doi:10.1163/080382477X00074
- Wu, David Y. H. (1977), "Chinese as An Intrusive Language", dalam Wurm, S. A., Language, Culture, Society, and the Modern World, Fascicle 2, New Guinea Area Languages and Language Study, 3, Canberra: Australian National University, hlm. 1047–1055, ISBN 978-0-85883-159-9
- Wu, David Y. H. (1978), "The Chinese in New Guinea: The Adaptation of an Immigrant Population", dalam Watson-Gegeo, Karen Ann; Seaton, S. Lee, Adaptation and Symbolism: Essays on Social Organization, Honolulu: University Press of Hawai’i, hlm. 101–124
- Wu, David Y. H. (1982), The Chinese in Papua New Guinea, 1890–1990, Hong Kong: Chinese University Press, ISBN 978-962-201-255-4
- Wu, David Yen-ho (1998), "The Chinese in Papua New Guinea: Diaspora Culture of the late 20th Century", dalam Wang, Ling-chi; Wang, Gungwu, The Chinese Diaspora: Selected Essays, II, Singapore: Times Academic Press, hlm. 206–216