Trouvère
Trouvère (pengucapan bahasa Prancis: [tʁuvɛʁ]) merupakan seorang penyair dan komposer Langues d'oïl pada abad pertengahan. Trouveresse berarti trouvère wanita. Trouvère setara dengan Troubadour dan musisi penyair dalam bahasa Oksitan. Troubadour telah ada sebelum trouvère.
Referensi
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- Daftar pustaka
- Akehurst, F. R. P. and Judith M. Davis, eds. A Handbook of the Troubadours. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995. ISBN 0-520-07976-0.
- Butterfield, Ardis. "Monophonic song: questions of category", Companion to Medieval & Renaissance Music. Oxford University Press, 1997. ISBN 0-19-816540-4.
- Doss-Quinby, Eglal; Joan Tasker Grimbert; Wendy Pfeffer; Elizabeth Aubrey (2001). Songs of the Women Trouvères. New Haven: Yale UP. ISBN 978-0-300-08413-9.
- Goldin, Frederick, translator. Lyrics of the Troubadours and Trouvères: An Anthology and a History. Gloucester, MA: Peter Smith, 1983. ISBN 0-8446-5036-6.
- Hasenohr, Geneviève and Michel Zink, eds. Dictionnaire des lettres françaises: Le Moyen Age. Collection: La Pochothèque. Paris: Fayard, 1992. ISBN 2-253-05662-6.
- O'Neill, Mary (2006). Courtly Love Songs of Medieval France: Transmission and Style in the Trouvère Repertoire. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-816547-1.
- Page, Christopher. "Listening to the trouvères". Early Music. Vol. 25, No. 4, November 1997.
Pranala luar
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Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Troubadours.
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Trouvère". Encyclopædia Britannica (edisi ke-11). Cambridge University Press.- "Lirica Medievale Romanza". letteraturaeuropea.let.uniroma1.it.
