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{{DISPLAYTITLE:YAHWEH}}
{{dab|Artikel ini mengenai Tuhan Bangsa [[Kerajaan Israel|Israel]] dan [[Kerajaan Yehuda|Yehuda]]. Lihat juga: [[Tetragrammaton]].}}
[[Berkas:Zeus Yahweh.jpg|jmpl|220px|ka|Sekeping koin [[drachma]] (seperempat [[shekel]]) dari provinsi Persia [[Yehud Medinata|Yehud]], menampilkan Yahweh (dewa bulan) digambarkan sebagai laki-laki berjanggut duduk di atas takhta beroda dan bersayap.{{sfn|Edelman|1995|p=190Yahweh}}]]
{{Yudaisme}}
'''Yahwe'''<ref name="KBBI">{{cite web |title=Cari "''Yahwe''" dalam Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) |language=id |url= https://kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id/entri/yahwe |work=Badan Pengembangan Bahasa dan Perbukuan|publisher=Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia}}</ref> ({{lang-he|יהוה|yhw}}, ''[[Yehuwa]]'')<ref name="KBBI 2">{{cite web |title=Cari "''Yehuwa''" dalam Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) |language=id |url= https://kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id/entri/yehuwa |work=Badan Pengembangan Bahasa dan Perbukuan|publisher=Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia}}</ref> adalah istilah atau nama ilahiah dalam [[Agama Yahudi|Yahudi]], meskipun Yahwe tidak pernah disembah secara eksklusif oleh bangsa Israel.{{sfn|Miller|1986|p=110}} Namanya mungkin dimulai sebagai [[julukan]] kepada [[El]], Dewa tertinggi dalam [[Agama Kanaan|Panteon Kanaan]],{{sfn|Dijkstra|2001|p=92}} Referensi terawal yang menyebut nama Yahweh didapat dari catatan [[Mesir Kuno]] yang menempatkannya sebagai sesembahan di antara kaum [[nomad]] di kawasan selatan [[Transjordan]].{{sfn|Dever|2003b|p=128}} Dalam literatur alkitab tertua, dia digambarkan sebagai "prajurit ilahi" yang memimpin [[tentara surgawi]] melawan semua musuh Israel;{{sfn|Hackett|2001|p=158–159}} ia kemudian menjadi pemimpin utama dari kerajaan [[Kerajaan Israel (Samaria)|Samaria]] dan [[Kerajaan Yehuda|Yehuda]],{{sfn|Smith|2002|p=72}} dan dalam kurun waktu tertentu, kerajaan menyatakan bahwa Yahweh sebagai pencipta seluruh alam semesta dan memiliki keilahian yang tak dapat disangkal.{{sfn|Wyatt|2010|p=69–70}}{{sfn|Betz|2000|p=917}} Pada masa akhir [[pembuangan ke Babilonia]] (abad ke-6 SM), keberadaan ilah-ilah lain disangkal, dan Yahweh dicanangkan sebagai [[Tuhan pencipta|pencipta alam semesta]], sebagai Tuhan satu-satunya yang menjadi pemilik sejati seluruh alam semesta.{{sfn|Betz|2000|p=917}}
== Referensi ==
=== Catatan kaki ===
{{Reflist}}
=== Daftar Pustaka ===
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|editor2-first = Mary Ann
|title = Reading from this Place: Social Location and Biblical Interpretation in Global Perspective
|volume = 2
|publisher = Fortress Press
|year = 1992
|url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=PDE8sUdAyosC&pg=PA21&dq=The+Divine+Name+Yahweh+Alohim+from+an+African+Perspective&hl=en&sa=X&ei=3QsBVYnvBoGl8AWJqoCwCQ&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=The%20Divine%20Name%20Yahweh%20Alohim%20from%20an%20African%20Perspective&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Mastin
|first = B.A.
|chapter = Yahweh's Asherah, Inclusive Monotheism and the Question of Dating
|editor1-last = Day
|editor1-first = John
|title = In Search of Pre-Exilic Israel
|publisher = Bloomsbury
|year = 2005
|url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=sUuvAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA326&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Mettinger
|first = Tryggve N.D.
|chapter = A Conversation With My Critics: Cultic Image or Aniconism in the First Temple?
|editor1-last = Amit
|editor1-first = Yaira
|editor2-last = Naʼaman
|editor2-first = Nadav
|title = Essays on Ancient Israel in Its Near Eastern Context
|publisher = Eisenbrauns
|year = 2006
|url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=Ku4OKVrEd4MC&pg=PA273&dq=%22the+prohibition+of+images+was+a+late+idea%22%22in+a+very+late+Deuteronomistic+layer%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bk5YVdPlGobU8gWcnYCQAw&ved=0CBwQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22the%20prohibition%20of%20images%20was%20a%20late%20idea%22%22in%20a%20very%20late%20Deuteronomistic%20layer%22&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Meyers
|first = Carol
|chapter = Kinship and Kingship: The early Monarchy
|editor1-last = Coogan
|editor1-first = Michael David
|title = The Oxford History of the Biblical World
|publisher = Oxford University Press
|year = 2001
|url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=gM-tZeEO4wgC&pg=PA166&dq=%22monarchic+state%22%22formal+concentration+of+power%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=JFkOVebrOY3V8gWb1IHIBg&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22monarchic%20state%22%22formal%20concentration%20of%20power%22&f=false
|isbn = 978-0-19-513937-2
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = McDonald
|first = Nathan
|chapter = Aniconism in the Old Testament
|editor1-last = Gordon
|editor1-first = R.P.
|title = The God of Israel
|publisher = Cambridge University Press
|year = 2007
|url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=ZrGfxNqfszsC&pg=PA21&dq=%22Aniconism+in+the+Old+Testament%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=H0XtVKL2F4iV8QXP2YDoDQ&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22Aniconism%20in%20the%20Old%20Testament%22&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Miller
|first = Patrick D
|author-link = Patrick D. Miller
|title = The Religion of Ancient Israel
|publisher = Westminster John Knox Press
|year = 2000
|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=JBhY9BQ7hIQC
|isbn = 978-0-664-22145-4
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Miller
|first = Patrick D
|author-link = Patrick D. Miller
|title = A History of Ancient Israel and Judah
|publisher = Westminster John Knox Press
|year = 1986
|url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=uDijjc_D5P0C&pg=PA110&dq=%22Yahweh%22%22national+god+of+Israel+and+Judah%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bOD_VPXPHIrh8AXLkYCYCw&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22Yahweh%22%22national%20god%20of%20Israel%20and%20Judah%22&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last1 = Moore
|first1 = Megan Bishop
|last2 = Kelle
|first2 = Brad E.
|title = Biblical History and Israel's Past: The Changing Study of the Bible and History
|publisher = Eerdmans
|year = 2011
|url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=Qjkz_8EMoaUC&pg=PA125&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Niehr
|first = Herbert
|chapter = The Rise of YHWH in Judahite and Israelite Religion
|editor1-last = Edelman
|editor1-first = Diana Vikander
|title = The Triumph of Elohim: From Yahwisms to Judaisms
|publisher = Peeters Publishers
|year = 1995
|url = https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=bua2dMa9fJ4C&pg=PA45&f=false&f=false
|isbn = 9053565035
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Noll
|first = K.L.
|title = Canaan and Israel in Antiquity: An Introduction
|publisher = A&C Black
|year = 2001
|url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=XSpoCmOe0S8C&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Petersen
|first = Allan Rosengren
|title = The Royal God: Enthronement Festivals in Ancient Israel and Ugarit?
|publisher = A&C Black
|year = 1998
|url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=4YetAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA23&dq=%22the+enthronement+festival+of+Yahweh%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=xC4nVfKqOIrU8gXv7IGADw&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=%22the%20enthronement%20festival%20of%20Yahweh%22&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Schniedewind
|first = William M.
|title = A Social History of Hebrew: Its Origins Through the Rabbinic Period
|publisher = Yale University Press
|year = 2013
|url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=CcjYAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA93&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Smith
|first = Mark S.
|chapter = El
|editor1-last = Freedman
|editor1-first = David Noel
|editor2-last = Myer
|editor2-first = Allen C.
|title = Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible
|publisher = Eerdmans
|year = 2000
|url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=qRtUqxkB7wkC&pg=PA385&dq=%22facts+militate+against+an+identification+of+Yahweh+as+originally+a+title+of+El%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=phNcVeWVNaWymAWAk4CoDQ&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22facts%20militate%20against%20an%20identification%20of%20Yahweh%20as%20originally%20a%20title%20of%20El%22&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Smith
|first = Mark S.
|year = 2001
|authorlink = Mark S. Smith
|title = The Origins of Biblical Monotheism: Israel's Polytheistic Background and the Ugaritic Texts
|publisher = Oxford University Press
|url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=n0v0NB5-n3sC&printsec=frontcover&dq=mark+smith+2001&hl=en&sa=X&ei=wpcKVZi5HYrr8gXp3IKIAw&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=mark%20smith%202001&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Smith
|first = Mark S.
|year = 2002
|authorlink = Mark S. Smith
|title = The Early History of God: Yahweh and the Other Deities in Ancient Israel
|publisher = Eerdmans
|url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=1yM3AuBh4AsC&pg=PA28&dq=%22Iron+I+Israel+was+largely+Canaanite%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=N1LyVNC9L5fs8AW-34GIAw&ved=0CB8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22Iron%20I%20Israel%20was%20largely%20Canaanite%22&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Smith
|first = Mark S.
|chapter = Astral Religion and the Divinity
|editor1-last = Noegel
|editor1-first = Scott
|editor2-last = Walker
|editor2-first = Joel
|title = Prayer, Magic, and the Stars in the Ancient and Late Antique World
|publisher = Penn State Press
|year = 2003
|url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=gb-jl0nef-4C&pg=PA187&dq=%22West+Semitic+religion+in+general+owes+much+to+astral+religion%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ulFcVZbDFqXLmwWX54GwAQ&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22West%20Semitic%20religion%20in%20general%20owes%20much%20to%20astral%20religion%22&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Smith
|first = Mark S.
|year = 2010
|authorlink = Mark S. Smith
|title = God in Translation: Deities in Cross-Cultural Discourse in the Biblical World
|publisher = Eerdmans
|url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=yvWlC0kUlkYC&pg=PA119&dq=%22various+chief+gods%22%22stand+more+or+less+on+par%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=H38jVdyyF8m68gXK9IG4Cg&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22various%20chief%20gods%22%22stand%20more%20or%20less%20on%20par%22&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Smith
|first = Morton
|chapter = Jewish Religious Life in the Persian Period
|editor1-last = Finkelstein
|editor1-first = Louis
|title = The Cambridge History of Judaism: Volume 1, Introduction: The Persian Period
|publisher = Cambridge University Press
|year = 1984
|url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=Jo0LKxcMJKAC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last1 = Sommer
|first1 = Benjamin D.
|chapter = God, names of
|editor1-last = Berlin
|editor1-first = Adele
|editor2-last = Grossman
|editor2-first = Maxine L.
|title = The Oxford Dictionary of the Jewish Religion
|publisher = Oxford University Press
|year = 2011
|url = http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=hKAaJXvUaUoC&pg=PA299
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Van Der Toorn
|first = Karel
|chapter = Ritual Resistance and Self-Assertion
|editor1-last = Platvoet
|editor1-first = Jan. G.
|editor2-last = Van Der Toorn
|editor2-first = Karel
|title = Pluralism and Identity: Studies in Ritual Behaviour
|publisher = BRILL
|year = 1995
|url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=178X5n7zArwC&pg=PA229&dq=%22Ritual+Resistance+and+Self-Assertion%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=dwIIVau9JKbmmAX19oGQCQ&ved=0CCYQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22Ritual%20Resistance%20and%20Self-Assertion%22&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Van Der Toorn
|first = Karel
|chapter = Yahweh
|editor1-last = Van Der Toorn
|editor1-first = Karel
|editor2-last = Becking
|editor2-first = Bob
|editor3-last = van der Horst
|editor3-first = Pieter Willem
|title = Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible
|publisher = Eerdmans
|year = 1999
|url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=yCkRz5pfxz0C&pg=PA912&dq=%22If+the+Kenite+hypothesis+is+to+be+maintained%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=3_sHVYefGeS6mQWjyoHABA&ved=0CCYQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22If%20the%20Kenite%20hypothesis%20is%20to%20be%20maintained%22&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Van Der Toorn
|first = Karel
|title = Family Religion in Babylonia, Ugarit and Israel: Continuity and Changes in the Forms of Religious Life
|publisher = BRILL
|year = 1996
|url = https://books.google.com.au/books?id=VSJWkrXfbLQC&pg=PA281&dq=%22Yahweh+was+not+worshipped+in+the+West+Semitic+world%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zTTxVMWGOM7c8AWIloHABg&ved=0CCIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=%22Yahweh%20was%20not%20worshipped%20in%20the%20West%20Semitic%20world%22&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last1 = Wright
|first1 = J. Edward
|title = The Early History of Heaven
|year = 2002
|publisher = Oxford University Press
|url = http://books.google.com.au/books?id=lKvMeMorNBEC&pg=PA42&dq=Mesopotamian&hl=en&sa=X&ei=-Af5TqCHKYy5iAep55W2AQ&ved=0CEEQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q&f=false
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite book
|last = Wyatt
|first = Nicolas
|chapter = Royal Religion in Ancient Judah
|editor1-last = Stavrakopoulou
|editor1-first = Francesca
|editor2-last = Barton
|editor2-first = John
|title = Religious Diversity in Ancient Israel and Judah
|publisher = Continuum International Publishing Group
|year = 2010
|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=kG_9-vki4ocC&pg=PR5|isbn=978-0-567-03216-4
|ref = harv
}}
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