Yahwe

Artikel ini mengenai Tuhan Bangsa Israel dan Yehuda. Lihat juga: Tetragrammaton.

Yahwe (bahasa Ibrani: יהוה, translit. yhw‎, Yehuwa) adalah istilah atau nama ilahiah dalam Yahudi, meskipun Yahwe tidak pernah disembah secara eksklusif oleh bangsa Israel. Namanya mungkin dimulai sebagai julukan kepada El, Dewa tertinggi dalam Panteon Kanaan, Referensi terawal yang menyebut nama Yahweh didapat dari catatan Mesir Kuno yang menempatkannya sebagai sesembahan di antara kaum nomad di kawasan selatan Transjordan. Dalam literatur alkitab tertua, dia digambarkan sebagai "prajurit ilahi" yang memimpin tentara surgawi melawan semua musuh Israel; ia kemudian menjadi pemimpin utama dari kerajaan Samaria dan Yehuda, dan dalam kurun waktu tertentu, kerajaan menyatakan bahwa Yahweh sebagai pencipta seluruh alam semesta dan memiliki keilahian yang tak dapat disangkal. Pada masa akhir pembuangan ke Babilonia (abad ke-6 SM), keberadaan ilah-ilah lain disangkal, dan Yahweh dicanangkan sebagai pencipta alam semesta, sebagai Tuhan satu-satunya yang menjadi pemilik sejati seluruh alam semesta.

Sekeping koin drachma (seperempat shekel) dari provinsi Persia Yehud, menampilkan Yahweh (dewa bulan) digambarkan sebagai laki-laki berjanggut duduk di atas takhta beroda dan bersayap.

Referensi

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