Irina Komnina: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Adesio2010 (bicara | kontrib)
Dibuat dengan menerjemahkan halaman "Irene Komnene Doukaina"
 
Adesio2010 (bicara | kontrib)
Irina Komnina
Baris 1:
{{Infobox royalty
{{Infobox royalty|name=Irene|title=Empress consort of Bulgaria|image=Irene-Komnene-Kastoria.jpg|succession=[[Royal Consorts of Bulgaria|Empress consort of Bulgaria]]|reign=1238–1241|consort=yes|predecessor=[[Anna Maria of Hungary]]|successor=[[Elisabeth Rostislavna]]|birth_date=Unknown|father=[[Theodore Komnenos Doukas]]|mother=[[Maria Petraliphaina]]|spouse=[[Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria]]|spouse-type=Spouse|issue=[[Anna-Theodora Asenina of Bulgaria|Anna (or Theodora)]], [[Maria Asenina of Bulgaria|Maria]], [[Michael II Asen of Bulgaria|Michael Asen I]]}}'''Irene Komnene Doukaina''' atau '''Eirene Komnene Doukaina''' ({{Lang-el|Ειρήνη Κομνηνή Δούκαινα}}, {{Lang-bg|Ирина Комнина}}) merupakan [[Kaisar|Permaisuri]] [[Bulgaria]] selama [[Kekaisaran Bulgaria Kedua]] dan putri [[Kekaisaran Romawi Timur|Bizantium]]. Dia adalah istri ketiga dari tsar [[Ivan Asen II dari Bulgaria]]. Dia adalah ibunda tsar [[Mikhail II Asen|Mikhail Asen I dari Bulgaria]].
|name=Irina atau Eirene
|title=Permaisuri Bulgaria
|image=Irene-Komnene-Kastoria.jpg
|succession=[[Daftar Permaisuri Bulgaria|Permaisuri Bulgaria]]
|reign=1238–1241
|consort=yes
|predecessor=[[Anna Maria dari Hongaria]]
|successor=[[Anna Rostislavna]]
|birth_date=tdk diketahui
|father=[[Theodoros Komnenos Doukas]]
|mother=[[Maria Patralifena]]
|spouse=[[Ivan Asen II dari Bulgaria]]
|spouse-type=Spouse
|issue=[[Anna-Teodora|Anna (atau Teodora)]], [[Maria Asenina|Maria]], [[Mikhail II Asen]]}}
{{Infobox royalty|name=Irene|title=Empress consort of Bulgaria|image=Irene-Komnene-Kastoria.jpg|succession=[[Royal Consorts of Bulgaria|Empress consort of Bulgaria]]|reign=1238–1241|consort=yes|predecessor=[[Anna Maria of Hungary]]|successor=[[Elisabeth Rostislavna]]|birth_date=Unknown|father=[[Theodore Komnenos Doukas]]|mother=[[Maria Petraliphaina]]|spouse=[[Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria]]|spouse-type=Spouse|issue=[[Anna-Theodora Asenina of Bulgaria|Anna (or Theodora)]], [[Maria Asenina of Bulgaria|Maria]], [[Michael II Asen of Bulgaria|Michael Asen I]]}}'''Irene Komnene Doukaina''' atau '''Eirene Komnene Doukaina''' ({{Lang-el|Ειρήνη Κομνηνή Δούκαινα}}, {{Lang-bg|Ирина Комнина}}) merupakan [[Kaisar|Permaisuri]] [[Bulgaria]] selama [[Kekaisaran Bulgaria Kedua]] dan putri [[Kekaisaran Romawi Timur|Bizantium]]. Dia adalah istri ketiga dari tsar [[Ivan Asen II dari Bulgaria]]. Dia adalah ibunda tsar [[Mikhail II Asen|Mikhail Asen I dari Bulgaria]].
 
== Kehidupan ==
Irene ''adalah putri [[Despot (gelar istana)|despotēs]]'' [[Theodoros Komnenos Doukas]], penguasa [[Kedespotan Epirus|Epirus]], dan [[Maria Petralifaina]] (saudari ''[[Sebastokrator|sebastokratōr]]'' [[Ioannis Petralifas]]). Pada tahun 1230 Irina dan keluarganya ditangkap oleh pasukan tsar [[Ivan Asen II dari Bulgaria]] dalam [[pertempuran Klokotnitsa]] dan mereka ditangkap di [[Veliko Tarnovo|Tarnovo]], di mana Irina dibesarkan di Istana. Irina menjadi terkenal karena kecantikannya dan sang duda [[Ivan Asen II dari Bulgaria|tsar]] jatuh cinta padanya. Mereka menikah pada tahun 1237. Menurut seorang penulis [[Kekaisaran Romawi Timur|Bizantium]], Ivan Asen II mencintai Irina "tidak kurang dari [[Markus Antonius|Antonius]] mencintai [[Kleopatra]]", dan ia mungkin telah menjadi kekasihnya selama beberapa tahun sebelum pernikahan mereka pada tahun 1237. Dengan menikahi Irina, Ivan Asen II akan memiliki [[Hukum kanonik|kanon gereja]] yang rusak, karena putrinya, Maria Asanina Komnena, dari pernikahannya dengan [[Anna (Anisia)]] menikah dengan pamanda Irina, [[Manouel Komnenos Doukas|Manouel dari Tesalonika]]. Ada beberapa bukti bahwa [[Gereja Ortodoks Bulgaria|gereja Bulgaria]] menentang pernikahan dan bahwa seorang patriark (disebut baik Spiridon atau [[Vissarion dari Bulgaria|Vissarion]]) digulingkan atau dieksekusi oleh tsar yang marah.<ref>{{Harvard citation no bracketsharvnb|Andreev|Lalkov|1996|pp=193–194}}</ref><ref>{{Harvard citation no bracketsharvnb|Andreev|Lazarov|Pavlov|2012|p=114}}</ref>
 
Irina dan Ivan Asen II memiliki tiga orang anak:
 
# [[Anna-Teodora|Anna (atau Teodora)]], yang menikah dengan ''[[Sebastokrator|sebastokratōr]]'' [[Petŭr]] sebelum tahun 1253.
# [[Maria Asenina|Maria]], yang menikah dengan [[Mizzo Assen]], yang menggantikan sebagai kaisar Bulgaria pada tahun 1256-1257.
# [[Mikhail II Asen|Mikhail Asen I]], yang menggantikan sebagai kaisar Bulgaria (1246-1256).
 
Pada tahun 1241 Ivan Asen II meninggal dan ia digantikan oleh [[Kaliman Asen I]], putranya dengan istri keduanya, [[Anna Maria dari Hongaria]]. Kaliman I diracuni pada tahun 1246 dan takhta jatuh ke tangan [[Mikhail II Asen|Mikhail Asen I]], putra Irina. Menurut salah satu teori, Irina meracuni putra tirinya untuk mengamankan takhta untuk Mikhail II. Dianggap bahwa Irina mengambil alih pemerintahan sebagai tsarina-wali penguasa karena putranya masih bocah ketika dia naik takhta, tetapi ada sedikit bukti untuk membuktikan hipotesis ini.
 
Irina pensiun ke sebuah biara di bawah nama monastik Xenia. Dia diusir dari Bulgaria setelah kematian putranya pada tahun 1256 dan menghabiskan sisa hidupnya di tanah keluarganya di sekitar [[Thessaloniki]].<ref>(Bulgaria){{bg_icon}}[http://bolgar.rgs-bg.com/articles.php?id=73&page=1 Plamen Pavlov, "''Първите дами" на Средновековна България''"] Error in {{webarchive template: Check <code style|url="colorhttps:inherit; border//web.archive.org/web/20110715181216/http:inherit; padding:inherit;">//bolgar.rgs-bg.com/articles.php?id=73&#x7C;urlpage=1 |date=2011-07-15 }}</coderef> value. Empty.
[[Kategori:Webarchive template errors]]</ref>
 
== Referensi ==
Baris 19 ⟶ 33:
 
== Sumber ==
* {{cite book | ref={{harvid|Andreev|Lalkov|1996}}
| title = Българските ханове и царе (The Bulgarian Khans and Tsars)
| last = Андреев (Andreev)
| first = Йордан (Jordan)
| first2= Милчо (Milcho) |last2= Лалков (Lalkov)
| chapter =
| year = 1996
| language = Bulgarian
| publisher = Абагар (Abagar)
| location = Велико Търново ([[Veliko Tarnovo]])
| isbn = 954-427-216-X
}}
* {{cite book | ref={{harvid|Andreev|Lazarov|Pavlov|2012}}
| title = Кой кой е в средновековна България
| trans-title = Who is Who in Medieval Bulgaria
| last = Андреев (Andreev)
| first = Йордан (Jordan)
| first2 = Иван (Ivan)
| last2 = Лазаров (Lazarov)
| first3 = Пламен (Plamen)
| last3 = Павлов (Pavlov)
| chapter =
| year = 2012
| language = Bulgarian
| publisher = Изток Запад (Iztok Zapad)
| location =
| isbn = 978-619-152-012-1
}}
 
{{Commons category|Irene Komnene Doukaina}}
* {{Cite book|title=Българските ханове и царе (The Bulgarian Khans and Tsars)|last=Андреев (Andreev)|first=Йордан (Jordan)|last2=Лалков (Lalkov)|first2=Милчо (Milcho)|publisher=Абагар (Abagar)|year=1996|isbn=954-427-216-X|location=Велико Търново ([[Veliko Tarnovo]])|language=Bulgarian|ref={{harvid|Andreev|Lalkov|1996}}}}Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui ([[:Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui|link]]) [[Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui]]
 
{{s-start}}
<div class="cx-template-editor-source-container" dir="ltr" style="display: none;" lang="en"><div class="cx-template-editor-source"><div class="cx-template-editor-title" title="This template formats a citation to a book using the provided bibliographic information (such as author and title) as well as various formatting options.">Cite book</div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="title" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Title</span><span data-key="title" title="The title of the book; displays in italics" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="title" style="position: relative;" id="CITEREFAndreevLalkov1996-title-">Българските ханове и царе (The Bulgarian Khans and Tsars)</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="last" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Last name</span><span data-key="last" title="The surname of the author; 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don't wikilink, use 'authorlink2'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="last2" style="position: relative;" id="CITEREFAndreevLalkov1996-last2-">Лалков (Lalkov)</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="first2" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">First name 2</span><span data-key="first2" title="Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="first2" style="position: relative;" id="CITEREFAndreevLalkov1996-first2-">Милчо (Milcho)</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="publisher" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Publisher</span><span data-key="publisher" title="Name of the publisher; displays after title" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="publisher" style="position: relative;" id="CITEREFAndreevLalkov1996-publisher-">Абагар (Abagar)</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="year" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Year of publication</span><span data-key="year" title="Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="year" style="position: relative;" id="CITEREFAndreevLalkov1996-year-">1996</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="isbn" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">ISBN</span><span data-key="isbn" title="International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="isbn" style="position: relative;" id="CITEREFAndreevLalkov1996-isbn-">954-427-216-X</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="location" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Location of publication</span><span data-key="location" title="Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="location" style="position: relative;" id="CITEREFAndreevLalkov1996-location-">Велико Търново ([[Veliko Tarnovo]])</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="language" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Language</span><span data-key="language" title="The language in which the source is written, if not English; use the full language name; do not use icons or templates" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="language" style="position: relative;" id="CITEREFAndreevLalkov1996-language-">Bulgarian</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="ref" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Ref</span><span data-key="ref" title="An anchor identifier; 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{{s-hou|[[Wangsa Komnenos]]; [[Wangsa Asen]]||1220||?}}
* {{Cite book|title=Кой кой е в средновековна България|last=Андреев (Andreev)|first=Йордан (Jordan)|last2=Лазаров (Lazarov)|first2=Иван (Ivan)|last3=Павлов (Pavlov)|first3=Пламен (Plamen)|publisher=Изток Запад (Iztok Zapad)|year=2012|isbn=978-619-152-012-1|language=Bulgarian|trans-title=Who is Who in Medieval Bulgaria|ref={{harvid|Andreev|Lazarov|Pavlov|2012}}}}Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui ([[:Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui|link]]) [[Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui]]
{{s-roy}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Anna Maria dari Hongaria]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Daftar Permaisuri Bulgaria|Permaisuri Bulgaria]]|years=1238–1241}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Anna Rostislavna]]}}
{{end}}
 
<div class="cx-template-editor-source-container" dir="ltr" style="display: none;" lang="en"><div class="cx-template-editor-source"><div class="cx-template-editor-title" title="This template formats a citation to a book using the provided bibliographic information (such as author and title) as well as various formatting options.">Cite book</div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="title" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Title</span><span data-key="title" title="The title of the book; displays in italics" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" data-key="title" style="position: relative;" id="CITEREFAndreevLazarovPavlov2012-title-">Кой кой е в средновековна България</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span id="last" class="cx-template-editor-param-key">Last name</span><span data-key="last" title="The surname of the author; 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[[Kategori:Tokoh Bizantium abad ke-13]]