Baku hantam perbatasan Tiongkok–India 2020
Baku hantam perbatasan Tiongkok–India 2020 adalah bentrokan fisik yang serius antara tentara perbatasan Republik Rakyat Tiongkok dan India yang terjadi di di sepanjang wilayah perbatasan yang disengketakan, yang dikenal sebagai Garis Kontrol Aktual, yang dimulai sejak tanggal 5 Mei 2020.[14][15] Baku hantam antara personel militer India dan Tiongkok pada 5 Mei 2020 terjadi di Danau Pangong, di wilayah Himalaya, Ladakh. Tentara perbatasan kedua negara diberitakan terlibat baku hantam dengan menggunakan senjata berupa batangan besi, tongkat, dan batu, sehingga mengakibatkan korban luka-luka. Pada 9 Mei 2020, puluhan tentara kedua negara juga dilaporkan terluka setelah terlibat perkelahian dan pelemparan batu di wilayah perbatasan di negara bagian Sikkim, India.[15]
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Krisis perbatasan Tiongkok-India semakin memburuk pada 16 Juni 2020 ketika tentara perbatasan kedua negara kembali terlibat bentrokan fisik yang serius di perbatasan de facto kedua negara, Garis Kontrol Aktual di Lembah Galwan, Ladakh, mengakibatkan 20 tentara India tewas dan 43 korban di pihak Tiongkok.[14]
Lihat pula
Catatan
- ^ Xi Jinping is holding the positions of General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), Chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC) and Chinese President, making him the Paramount leader of China. However, the Chinese President is a largely ceremonial office with limited power and not the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces.[6]
Referensi
- ^ a b "Galwan Valley face-off: Indian, Chinese military officials meet to defuse tension". Hindustan Times. 18 June 2020. Diakses tanggal 18 June 2020.
- ^ Anirban Bhaumik (18 June 2020). "Galwan Valley: Indian, Chinese diplomats to hold video-conference soon". Deccan Herald. Diakses tanggal 18 June 2020.
- ^ "IGP Ladakh reviews security arrangements". Daily Excelsior. 9 April 2020. Diakses tanggal 19 June 2020.
- ^ "PLA Death Squads Hunted Down Indian Troops in Galwan in Savage Execution Spree, Say Survivors". News18 India.
- ^ "India, Chinese troops face-off at eastern Ladakh; casualties on both sides". 16 June 2020. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-06-16. Diakses tanggal 17 June 2020.
- ^ Li, Nan (26 February 2018). "Party Congress Reshuffle Strengthens Xi's Hold on Central Military Commission". The Jamestown Foundation. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 26 October 2019. Diakses tanggal 27 May 2020.
Xi Jinping has introduced major institutional changes to strengthen his control of the PLA in his roles as Party leader and chair of the Central Military Commission (CMC)...
- ^ a b c d "The Chinese generals involved in Ladakh standoff". Rediff.com. 13 June 2020. Diakses tanggal 19 June 2020.
- ^ Michael Safi and Hannah Ellis-Petersen (16 June 2020). "India says 20 soldiers killed on disputed Himalayan border with China". Diakses tanggal 16 June 2020.
- ^ Haidar, Suhasini; Peri, Dinakar (18 June 2020). "Ladakh face-off | Days after clash, China frees 10 Indian soldiers". The Hindu (dalam bahasa Inggris). ISSN 0971-751X. Diakses tanggal 19 June 2020.
- ^ "India, China skirmishes in Ladakh, Sikkim; many hurt", The Tribune, 10 May 2020
- ^ "China suffered 43 casualties during face-off with India in Ladakh: Report". India Today. 16 June 2020. Diakses tanggal 17 June 2020.
- ^ Vedika Sud; Ben Westcott (11 May 2020). "Chinese and Indian soldiers engage in 'aggressive' cross-border skirmish". CNN. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 12 May 2020. Diakses tanggal 12 May 2020.
- ^ Paul D. Shinkman (16 June 2020). "India, China Face Off in First Deadly Clash in Decades". U.S. News & World Report. Diakses tanggal 16 June 2020.
- ^ a b Ardi Priyatno Utomo, Ardi Priyatno, ed. (17 Juni 2020). "Ada Apa di Balik Perseteruan Militer India dan China?". Kompas.com. Diakses tanggal 20 Juni 2020.
- ^ a b "Baku Hantam di Wilayah Sengketa, 20 Serdadu India Tewas Bentrok Dengan Militer Cina". Deutsche Welle. 17 Juni 2020. Diakses tanggal 20 Juni 2020.
Bacaan lanjutan
Buku
- Subramaniam, Air Vice Marshal (Retd.) Arjun (8 October 2020). "20". Full Spectrum: India's Wars, 1972–2020. India: Harper Collins. hlm. 451–471. ISBN 9789353578060.
Jurnal
- Hu Shisheng; Wang Jue (28 October 2020). "The Behavioral Logic behind India's Tough Foreign Policy toward China". Contemporary International Relations 2020 No.5. China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations: 37–65.
- Karackattu, Joe Thomas (2020). "The corrosive compromise of the Sino-Indian border management framework: from Doklam to Galwan". Asian Affairs (dalam bahasa Inggris). 51 (3): 590–604. doi:10.1080/03068374.2020.1804726. ISSN 0306-8374.
Laporan
- Sino-India relations including Doklam, Situation and Cooperation in International Organizations (2017–18) (PDF) (Laporan). Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India.
- Ahuja, Anil (19 October 2020), Lessons from Ladakh and the Way Forward (PDF), Volume V, Issue 38, Delhi Policy Group
Artikel berita
- Brands, Hal (2 June 2020). "China's border invasion will push India toward the U.S." Japan Times. Bloomberg.
- Lt Gen HS Panag (Retd) (28 May 2020). "China believes India wants Aksai Chin back. PLA has likely secured 40–60 sq km in Ladakh". The Print.
- "Galwan Valley: The soldiers killed in the India-China border clash". BBC. 19 June 2020.
- Roy Choudhury, Saheli (18 June 2020). "India is under 'tremendous' pressure to respond to China, academic says". CNBC.
- Stephen Hutcheon; Mark Doman; Alex Palmer (10 July 2020). "High stakes in a Himalayan hotspot". ABC News (Australia).
- Sudha Ramachandran (28 September 2020). "India's "Tibet Card" in the Stand-Off with China". The Jamestown Foundation.
- Yun Sun (19 June 2020). "China's Strategic Assessment of the Ladakh Clash". War on the Rocks.
- Verma, Pranshu (3 October 2020). "In Wake of Recent India-China Conflict, U.S. Sees Opportunity". New York Times.