Templat:Matahari
| |
| Data pengamatan | |
|---|---|
| Jarak rata-rata dari Bumi |
1,496×108 km 8 mnt 19 dtk pada kecepatan cahaya |
| Kecerahan visual (V) | −26.74[1] |
| Magnitudo absolut | 4.83[1] |
| Klasifikasi spektrum | G2V |
| Metalisitas | Z = 0.0122[2] |
| Ukuran anguler | 31.6′ – 32.7′[3] |
| Kata sifat | Surya |
| Ciri orbit | |
| Jarak rata-rata dari inti Bima Sakti |
~2,5×1017 km 26.000 tahun cahaya |
| Periode galaksi | (2.25–2.50)×108 a |
| Kecepatan | ~220 km/s (orbit around the center of the Galaxy) ~20 km/s (relative to average velocity of other stars in stellar neighborhood) ~370 km/s[4] (relatif terhadap latar gelombang mikro kosmik) |
| Ciri fisik | |
| Diameter rata-rata | 1,392684×106 km[5] |
| Radius khatulistiwa | 6,96342×105 km[5] 109 × Earth[6] |
| Keliling khatulistiwa | 4,379×106 km[6] 109 × Earth[6] |
| Pemipihan | 9×10−6 |
| Luas permukaan | 6,0877×1012 km2[6] 11.990 × Earth[6] |
| Volum | 1,412×1018 km3[6] 1.300.000 × Earth |
| Massa | 1,9891×1030 kg[1] 333.000 × Earth[1] |
| Kepadatan rata-rata | 1,408×103 kg/m3[1][6][7] |
| Kepadatan | Pusat (model): 1,622×105 kg/m3[1] Fotosfer bawah: 2×10−4 kg/m3 Kromosfer bawah: 5×10−6 kg/m3 Korona (avg): 1×10−12 kg/m3[8] |
| Gravitasi permukaan khatulistiwa | 274,0 m/s2[1] 27,94 g 27.542,29 cgs 28 × Earth[6] |
| Kecepatan keluar (dari permukaan) |
617,7 km/s[6] 55 × Bumi[6] |
| Suhu | Pusat (model): ~1,57×107 K[1] Fotosfer (efektif): 5778 K[1] Korona: ~5×106 K |
| Luminositas (Lsol) | 3,846×1026 W[1] ~3,75×1028 lm ~98 lm/W efficacy |
| Intensitas rata-rata (Isol) | 2,009×107 W·m−2·sr−1 |
| Usia | 4,57 miliar tahun[9] |
| Ciri rotasi | |
| Kemiringan | 7,25°[1] (terhadap ekliptika) 67.23° (terhadap bidang galaksi) |
| Kenaikan kanan dari kutub utara[10] |
286.13° 19 h 4 min 30 s |
| Deklinasi dari kutub utara |
+63.87° 63° 52' Utara |
| Periode rotasi sidereal (di khatulistiwa) |
25.05 days[1] |
| (di lintang 16°) | 25.38 days[1] 25 d 9 h 7 min 12 s[10] |
| (di kutub) | 34.4 days[1] |
| Kecepatan rotasi (di khatulistiwa) |
7,189×103 km/h[6] |
| Komposisi fotosfer (menurut massa) | |
| Hidrogen | 73.46%[11] |
| Helium | 24.85% |
| Oksigen | 0.77% |
| Karbon | 0.29% |
| Besi | 0.16% |
| Neon | 0.12% |
| Nitrogen | 0.09% |
| Silikon | 0.07% |
| Magnesium | 0.05% |
| Belerang | 0.04% |
Referensi
Referensi ini akan tampil di artikel, tetapi daftar ini hanya ada di halaman ini.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Williams, D. R. (2004). "Sun Fact Sheet". NASA. Diakses tanggal 2010-09-27.
- ^ Asplund, M. (2006). "The new solar abundances - Part I: the observations". Communications in Asteroseismology. 147: 76–79. Bibcode:2006CoAst.147...76A. doi:10.1553/cia147s76.
- ^ "Eclipse 99: Frequently Asked Questions". NASA. Diakses tanggal 2010-10-24.
- ^ Hinshaw, G. (2009). "Five-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe observations: data processing, sky maps, and basic results". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 180 (2): 225–245. Bibcode:2009ApJS..180..225H. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/180/2/225.
- ^ a b Emilio, Marcelo; Kuhn, Jeff R.; Bush, Rock I.; Scholl, Isabelle F. (March 5, 2012), "Measuring the Solar Radius from Space during the 2003 and 2006 Mercury Transits", arXiv, diakses tanggal March 28, 2012
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Solar System Exploration: Planets: Sun: Facts & Figures". NASA. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2008-01-02.
- ^ Ko, M. (1999). Elert, G., ed. "Density of the Sun". The Physics Factbook.
- ^ "Principles of Spectroscopy". University of Michigan, Astronomy Department. 30 August 2007.
- ^ Bonanno, A.; Schlattl, H.; Paternò, L. (2008). "The age of the Sun and the relativistic corrections in the EOS". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 390 (3): 1115–1118. arXiv:astro-ph/0204331
. Bibcode:2002A&A...390.1115B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20020749.
- ^ a b Seidelmann, P. K. (2000). "Report Of The IAU/IAG Working Group On Cartographic Coordinates And Rotational Elements Of The Planets And Satellites: 2000". Diakses tanggal 2006-03-22.
- ^ "The Sun's Vital Statistics". Stanford Solar Center. Diakses tanggal 2008-07-29., citing Eddy, J. (1979). A New Sun: The Solar Results From Skylab. NASA. hlm. 37. NASA SP-402.
