RAND Corporation
RAND Corporation ("Research ANd Development")[8] adalah wadah pemikir kebijakan global nirlaba Amerika Serikat[1] yang didirikan tahun 1948 oleh Douglas Aircraft Company untuk membantu Angkatan Bersenjata Amerika Serikat di bidang penelitian dan analisis. Lembaga ini didanai oleh pemerintah AS dan hibah swasta,[6] corporations,[9] universitas,[9] dan perorangan.[9] Perusahaan ini kemudian berkembang dan membantu pemerintah negara-negara lain, organisasi internasional, perusahaan swasta, dan yayasan dan mendalami berbagai isu pertahanan dan non-pertahanan, termasuk layanan kesehatan. RAND menyoroti penyelesaian masalah interdisipliner dan kuantitatif dengan menerapkan konsep-konsep teoretis seperti ilmu ekonomi formal dan ilmu fisik di bidang lain menggunakan ilmu terapan dan riset operasi.
 | |
| Pendahulu | Para pejabat Douglas Aircraft Company |
|---|---|
| Tanggal pendirian | 14 Mei 1948 |
| Pendiri | Henry H. "Hap" Arnold Donald Douglas Major General Curtis LeMay |
| Status | Perusahaan nirlaba |
| 95-1958142 | |
| Tipe | Wadah pemikir kebijakan global[1] |
| Tujuan | Analisis kebijakan |
| Kantor pusat | Santa Monica, California, A.S. |
| Koordinat | 34°00′35″N 118°29′26″W / 34.009599°N 118.490670°W |
Wilayah | Seluruh dunia |
| Bonnie G. Hill, Joel Z. Hyatt, Paul G. Kaminski, Ann McLaughlin Korologos, Philip Lader, Peter Lowy, Michael Lynton, Ronald L. Olson, Mary E. Peters, David L. Porges, Donald B. Rice, Michael D. Rich, Hector Ruiz, Leonard D. Schaeffer[2] | |
Presiden dan CEO | Michael D. Rich[3] |
Pemimpin RAND | Jennifer Gould, Andrew R. Hoehn, Winfield A. Boerckel, Allison Elder, Mike Januzik, Susan L. Marquis, Eric Peltz, Naveena Ponnusamy, Charles P. Ries, Melissa Rowe, Debra L. Schroeder[3] |
Presiden, RAND Europe | Hans Pung[3] |
| Anak organisasi | RAND Europe Frederick S. Pardee RAND Graduate School |
| Afiliasi | Independen |
Pendapatan (2014) |  $351,7 juta[4] |
| Pengeluaran | Numerous |
| Biaya | $340,4 juta[4] |
| Dana abadi |  $226,2 juta[5] |
Jumlah Staf (2015) | 1,700[6] |
| Situs web | www |
Lihat pula
sunting- A Million Random Digits with 100,000 Normal Deviates (diterbitkan oleh RAND)
Referensi
sunting- ^ a b Medvetz, Thomas (2012). Think Tanks in America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. hlm. 26. ISBN 9780226517292. Diakses tanggal 25 April 2015.
- ^ "RAND Corporation Board of Trustees". RAND Corp. Diakses tanggal 16 January 2015.
- ^ a b c "RAND Leadership". RAND Corp. Diakses tanggal 3 May 2017.
- ^ a b "Financial Statements, FY 2016". RAND Corp. Diakses tanggal 9 March 2017.
- ^ "U.S. and Canadian Institutions Listed by Fiscal Year 2016 Market Value of Endowment Assets and Percentage Change* in Endowment Market Value from FY2015 to FY2016". NACUBO.org. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2018-12-25. Diakses tanggal 12 April 2017.
- ^ a b "2013 RAND Annual Report". RAND Corp. Diakses tanggal 16 January 2015.
- ^ "About RAND - Vision". RAND. Diakses tanggal 16 January 2015.
- ^ "History and Mission". RAND Corp. Diakses tanggal 16 January 2015.
- ^ a b c "How We're Funded". RAND Corp. Diakses tanggal 16 January 2015.
Bacaan lanjutan
suntingBuku
sunting- Alex Abella. Soldiers of Reason: The RAND Corporation and the Rise of the American Empire (2008, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt hardcover; ISBN 0-15-101081-1 / 2009, Mariner Books paperback reprint edition; ISBN 0-15-603344-5).
- S.M. Amadae. Rationalizing Capitalist Democracy: The Cold War Origins of Rational Choice Liberalism (2003, University Of Chicago Press paperback; ISBN 0-226-01654-4 / hardcover; ISBN 0-226-01653-6).
- Martin J. Collins. Cold War Laboratory: RAND, the Air Force, and the American State, 1945–1950 (2002, Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press hardcover, part of the Smithsonian History of Aviation and Spaceflight Series; ISBN 1-58834-086-4)
- Agatha C. Hughes and Thomas P. Hughes (editors). Systems, Experts, and Computers: The Systems Approach in Management and Engineering, World War II and After (2000, The MIT Press hardcover, part of the Dibner Institute Studies in the History of Science and Technology; ISBN 0-262-08285-3 / 2011, paperback reprint edition; ISBN 0-262-51604-7).
- David Jardini. Thinking Through the Cold War: RAND, National Security and Domestic Policy, 1945–1975 (2013, Smashwords; Amazon Kindle; ISBN 9781301158515).
- Fred Kaplan. The Wizards of Armageddon (1983, Simon & Schuster hardcover, first printing; ISBN 0-671-42444-0 / 1991, Stanford University Press paperback, part of the Stanford Nuclear Age Series; ISBN 0-8047-1884-9).
- Edward S. Quade and Wayne I. Boucher (editors), Systems Analysis and Policy Planning: Applications in Defense (1968, American Elsevier hardcover).
- Bruce L.R. Smith. The RAND Corporation: Case Study of a Nonprofit Advisory Corporation (1966, Harvard University Press / 1969; ISBN 0-674-74850-6).
- Marc Trachtenberg. History and Strategy (1991, Princeton University Press paperback; ISBN 0-691-02343-3 / hardcover; ISBN 0-691-07881-5).
- Jean Loup Samaan. La Rand Corporation (2013, Cestudec Press)
Artikel
sunting- Clifford, Peggy, ed. "RAND and The City: Part One" Diarsipkan 2005-08-29 di Wayback Machine.. Santa Monica Mirror, 27 October 1999 – 2 November 1999. Five-part series includes: 1 Diarsipkan 2005-08-29 di Wayback Machine.; 2 Diarsipkan 2005-08-31 di Wayback Machine.; 3 Diarsipkan 2006-05-06 di Wayback Machine.; 4 Diarsipkan 2005-09-01 di Wayback Machine.; & 5 Diarsipkan 2009-12-18 di Wayback Machine.. Retrieved 15 April 2008.
- Specht, R.D. "Rand: A Personal View of Its History," Operations Research, vol. 8, no. 6 (Nov.–Dec. 1960), pp. 825–839. In JSTOR
Pranala luar
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