Sejarah Dinasti Han

Dinasti Han (206 SM – 220 M), yang didirikan oleh pemimpin pemberontak petani Liu Bang (yang secara anumerta dikenal sebagai Kaisar Gaozu), adalah dinasti kekaisaran Tiongkok kedua. Dinasti tersebut menyusul dinasti Qin (221–206 SM), yang menyatukan Negara-negara Berperang di Tiongkok melalui penaklukan. Diperintah oleh dinasti Xin (9–23 Masehi) dari Wang Mang, dinasti Han terbagi dalam dua masa: Han Barat (206 SM – 9 M) dan Han Timur (25–220 M). Kedua masa dinasti tersebut terbagi dari lokasi ibu kotanya, masing-masing Chang'an dan Luoyang. Ibu kota ketiga dan terakhir dari dinasti tersebut adalah Xuchang, saat pemerintahannya pindah pada tahun 196 Masehi pada masa gejolak politik dan perang saudara.

dinasti Han pada tahun 2 Masehi (coklat), dengan garisun-garisun militer (titik kuning), negara-negara dependen (titik hijau), dan negara-negara vasal tributer (titik jingga) sampai Cekungan Tarim di bagian barat Asia Tengah

Dinasti Han memerintah pada masa konsolidasi kebudayaan, percobaan politik, kedewasaan dan peningkatan ekonomi, dan kemajuan teknologi Tiongkok. Terdapat perluasan wilayah yang sebelumnya belum tercapai dan penjelajahan yang dilakukan dengan perjuangan bersama para orang non-Tiongkok, khususnya bangsa nomadik Xiongnu dari Stepa Eurasia.

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Bacaan tambahan

• Dubs, Homer H. (trans.) The History of the Former Han Dynasty. 3 vols. Baltimore: Waverly Press, 1938-
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Pranala luar

• Media tentang Han Dynasty di Wikimedia Commons