Ilmu dan teknologi di dinasti Song

Dinasti Song (Hanzi: 宋朝; 960–1279 M) menyumbang beberapa kemajuan teknologi paling signifikan dalam sejarah Tiongkok, banyak di antaranya berasal dari para negarawan berbakat yang dirancang oleh pemerintah melalui ujian kenegaraan.

Jiaozi, mata uang cetakan kertas pertama di dunia, inovasi Song.

Kecerdasan teknik mesin canggih memiliki tradisi panjang di Tiongkok. Insinyur Song, Su Song mengakui bahwa dia dan orang-orang sezamannya membangun berdasarkan prestasi orang-orang kuno seperti Zhang Heng (78–139), seorang astronom, penemu, dan master roda gigi mekanis awal. Penerapan cetak huruf lepas membantu perkembangan penggunaan cetak blok kayu yang sudah tersebar luas untuk mendidik dan memikat para siswa dan massa Konfusian. Penerapan senjata baru menggunakan bubuk mesiu memungkinkan Song untuk menangkal musuh-musuh militannya—Liao, Xia Barat, dan Jin dengan senjata seperti meriam—sampai keruntuhannya di tangan pasukan Mongol Kublai Khan pada akhir abad ke-13.

Kemajuan penting dalam teknik sipil, nautika, dan metalurgi dicapai dalam masa Tiongkok Song, serta pengenalan kincir angin ke Tiongkok selama abad ketiga belas. Kemajuan-kemajuan ini, beserta dengan pengenalan uang cetakan kertas, membantu merevolusi dan menyokong ekonomi Dinasti Song.

Lihat pula

• Sejarah ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi di Tiongkok
• Daftar reka cipta Tiongkok
• Ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi Dinasti Han

Referensi

Sumber

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Pranala luar

Bubuk mesiu dan "senjata api"

• Chinese Fire Arrows
• The History of Early Fireworks and Fire Arrows
• Gunpowder and Firearms in China
• Chinese Siege Warfare: Mechanical Artillery & Siege Weapons of Antiquity

Lainnya

• Chinese Inventions and Technology
• Technology in the Song
• Su Song's Clock 1088