Zohar
Zohar (Ibrani: זֹהַר, secara harfiah Gemilang atau Bercahaya) adalah suatu karya dasar dalam sastra Yahudi berpikiran mistik yang dikenal sebagai Kabbalah.[1] Merupakan sekumpulan buku yang memuat komentari tentang aspek mistik dari Taurat (lima kitab pertama Musa) dan tafsiran skriptural sebagaimana pula materi mengenai Mistisisme, kosmogoni mitikal, dan psikologi mistikal. Zohar memuat diskusi mengenai hakekat Allah (dalam Yudaisme), asal mula dan struktur alam semesta, hakekat jiwa, penebusan dan hubungan Ego dengan Kegelapan dan "diri sejati" sampai "Cahaya Allah," dan hubungan antara "energi universal" dan manusia. Eksegesis alkitabiahnya dapat dianggap bentuk esoterik dari sastra Rabbinik yang dikenal sebagai Midrash, yang menjabarkan Taurat.
Penulisan
Zohar kebanyakan ditulis dalam bahasa Aram yang eksentrik. Bahasa Aram adalah bahasa sehari-hari di Israel pada zaman Bait Kedua (539 SM – 70 M), dan merupakan bahasa asli sebagian kitab Daniel dan kitab Ezra, dan bahasa utama Talmud.[2]
Penemuan kembali
Zohar pertama kali muncul di Spanyol pada abad ke-13, dan diterbitkan oleh seorang penulis Yahudi bernama Moses de Leon. De Leon menyatakan bahwa penulis karya itu adalah Shimon bar Yochai ("Rashbi"), seorang rabbi dari abad ke-2 pada zaman penganiayaan Romawi[3] yang menurut legenda Yahudi,[4][5] bersembunyi di sebuah gua selama 13 tahun mempelajari Taurat dan diilhami oleh nabi Elia untuk menulis Zohar. Hal ini sesuai dengan klaim tradisional para penganut bahwa Kabbalah adalah bagian tersembunyi dari Taurat lisan.
Terjemahan Inggris
- Zohar Pages in English, at ha-zohar.net, including the Introduction translated in English
- Berg, Michael: Zohar 23 Volume Set- The Kabbalah Centre International. Full 23 Volumes English translation with commentary and annotations.
- Matt, Daniel C., trans. Zohar: Pritzker Edition (7 vols. to date). Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2004-2012. (The first seven volumes of a projected 12-volume, comprehensively annotated English translation)
- Matt, Daniel C. Zohar: Annotated and Explained. Woodstock, Vt.: SkyLights Paths Publishing Co., 2002. (Selections)
- Matt, Daniel C. Zohar: The Book of Enlightenment. New York: Paulist Press, 1983. (Selections)
- Scholem, Gershom, ed. Zohar: The Book of Splendor. New York: Schocken Books, 1963. (Selections)
- Sperling, Harry and Maurice Simon, eds. The Zohar (5 vols.). London: Soncino Press.
- Tishby, Isaiah, ed. The Wisdom of the Zohar: An Anthology of Texts (3 vols.). Translated from the Hebrew by David Goldstein. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989.
Lihat pula
Referensi
- ^ Scholem, Gershom and Melila Hellner-Eshed. "Zohar." Encyclopaedia Judaica. Ed. Michael Berenbaum and Fred Skolnik. Vol. 21. 2nd ed. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2007. 647-664. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Gale.
- ^ Beyer 1986: 38–43; Casey 1998: 83–6, 88, 89–93; Eerdmans 1975: 72.
- ^ Jacobs, Joseph. "Zohar". Jewish Encyclopedia. Funk & Wagnalls Company.
- ^ Scharfstein, Sol (2004). Jewish History and You II. Jewish History and You. Jersey City, NJ, USA: KTAV Publishing House. hlm. 24.
- ^ "Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai - Lag BaOmer at". Ou.org. Diakses tanggal 2012-06-06.
- Beyer, Klaus. "Aramaic language, its distribution and subdivisions." 1986. (from reference 2 above)
- Tenen, Stan, "Zohar, B'reshit, and the Meru Hypothesis: Scholars debate the origins of Zohar," Meru Foundation eTorus Newsletter #40, July 2007
- Blumenthal, David R. Three is not enough: Jewish Reflections on Trinitarian Thinking, in Ethical Monotheism, Past and Present: Essays in Honor of Wendell S. Dietrich, ed. T. Vial and M. Hadley (Providence, RI), Brown Judaic Studies:
- The Encyclopedia of Jewish Myth, Magic, and Mysticism, Geoffrey Dennis, Llewellyn Worldwide, 2007
- Studies in the Zohar, Yehuda Liebes (Author), SUNY Press, SUNY series in Judaica: Hermeneutics, Mysticism, and Religion, 1993
- Challenging the Master: Moshe Idel’s critique of Gershom Scholem Micha Odenheimer, MyJewishLearning.Com, Kabbalah and Mysticism
- Scholem, Gershom, Zohar in Encyclopadeia Judaica, Keter Publishing
- Scholem, Gershom, Kabbalah in Encyclopadeia Judaica, Keter Publishing
- Margolies, Reuvein "Peninim U' Margolies" and "Nitzotzei Zohar" (Heb.), Mossad R' Kook
- Luria, David "Kadmus Sefer Ha'Zohar" (Heb.)
- Unterman, Alan Reinterpreting Mysticism and Messianism, MyJewishLearning.Com, Kabbalah and Mysticism
- Adler, Jeremy, Beyond the Law: the artistry and enduring counter-cultural power of the kabbala, Times Literary Supplement 24 February 2006, reviewing: Daniel C Matt, translator The Zohar; Arthur Green A Guide to the Zohar; Moshe Idel Kabbalah and Eros.
Pranala luar
- Zohar Pages in English, at ha-zohar.net, including the Introduction translated in English, and The Importance of Study of the Zohar, and more
- Sefer haZohar and Tikunei haZohar in various formats in PDF files; and related booklets
- Sefer haZohar, Mantua edition (1558), at the National Library of Israel, DjVu file
- Sefer haZohar, Cremona edition (1559), at the National Library of Israel, DjVu file
- The Zohar in text files for download (Hebrew characters)
- The Zohar in English: Bereshith to Lekh Lekha
- The Zohar in English: some mystical sections
- The Kabbalah Center translation of the Zohar
- Original Zohar with Sulam Commentary
- NOTES ON THE ZOHAR IN ENGLISH: An Extensive Bibliography
- 7 brief video lectures about The Zohar from Kabbalah Education & Research Institute
- Daily Zohar study of Tikunei Zohar in English
- Zohar Complete English Translation