Skandal valas
"Dont want other numpty's in mkt to know [about information exchanged within the group], but not only that is he gonna protect us like we protect each other…"
Pendapat seorang pedagang Citibank tentang calon anggota baru di ruang obrolannya[1][2]
Skandal valas (biasa disebut forex probe) adalah skandal keuangan yang melibatkan pengungkapan dan penyelidikan bank-bank yang bersekongkol selama satu dasawarsa untuk memanipulasi nilai tukar demi keuntungannya sendiri. Regulator pasar di Asia, Swiss, Britania Raya, dan Amerika Serikat mulai melakukan investigasi pada pasar valuta asing (valas) yang sirkulasinya mencapai $5,3 triliun per hari setelah Bloomberg News melaporkan pada Juni 2013 bahwa para pedagang valas mengaku melakukan front-running pada pesanan klien dan memalsukan nilai patok valuta asing WM/Reuters dengan bersekongkol bersama rekan-rekannya dan melakukan perdagangan sebelum dan ketika proses pergantian nilai patok terjadi selama 60 detik. Tindakan ini dilakukan setiap hari di pasar mata uang spot dan terjadi selama hampir satu dasawarsa menurut pengakuan para pedagang valas.[3]
Penangkapan
Pada tanggal 19 Desember 2014, proses penangkapan pertama orang-orang yang terlibat skandal ini dimulai. Penangkapan mantan pedagang RBS terjadi di Billericay, Essex, dan dilakukan oleh City of London Police dan Serious Fraud Office.[4]
Lihat pula
Referensi
- ^ McCoy, Kevin (12 November 2014). "Forex traders plotted strategy in secret chats". USA Today. Diakses tanggal 13 November 2014.
- ^ "FCA Final Notice 2014: JPMorgan Chase Bank N.A." Financial Conduct Authority. Diakses tanggal 13 November 2014.
- ^ Liam Vaughan, Gavin Finch and Ambereen Choudhury (12 June 2013). "Traders Said to Rig Currency Rates to Profit Off Clients". Bloomberg News. Diakses tanggal 21 January 2014.
- ^ Salmon, James (21 December 2014). "First arrest in forex scandal: Former RBS trader held on suspicion of rigging £3.5trillion foreign exchange market". The Daily Mail. Diakses tanggal 22 December 2014.
Pranala luar
Bank of America
| Regulasi dan standar perbankan |
|---|
| Lara belakang |
| Pilar 1: Modal pengatur |
| Pilar 2: Tinjauan pengawasan |
| Pilar 3: Keterbukaan pasar |
| Portal Bisnis dan Ekonomi |
- Consent Order for Civil Money Penalty Against Bank of America N.A. United States, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, 11 November 2014.
- Order to Cease and Desist: Bank of America Co, United States, Federal Reserve, 20 May 2015.
Barclays
- Order Instituting Proceedings, In the matter of: Barclays Bank Plc, United States, Commodity Futures Trading Commission, 20 November 2015.
- Consent Order in the Matter of Barclays Bank Plc, United States, New York State Department of Financial Services, 20 May 2015.
- FCA Final Notice 2015: Barclays Bank Plc, United Kingdom, Financial Services Authority, 20 May 2015.
- Plea agreement: United States of America v. Barclay Plc, United States, Department of Justice, 20 May 2015.
- Order to Cease and Desist: Barclays Bank Plc, United States, Federal Reserve, 20 May 2015.
Citigroup
- Order Instituting Proceedings, In the matter of: Citibank N.A., United States, Commodity Futures Trading Commission, 11 November 2014.
- Consent Order for Civil Money Penalty Against Citibank N.A. United States, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, 11 November 2014.
- FCA Final Notice 2014: Citibank N.A., United Kingdom, Financial Services Authority, 12 November 2014.
- Plea agreement: United States of America v. Citicorp, United States, Department of Justice, 20 May 2015.
- Order to Cease and Desist: Citicorp Inc, United States, Federal Reserve, 20 May 2015.
HSBC
- Order Instituting Proceedings, In the matter of: HSBC Bank Plc, United States, Commodity Futures Trading Commission, 11 November 2014.
- FCA Final Notice 2014: HSBC Bank Plc, United Kingdom, Financial Services Authority, 12 November 2014.
JPMorgan
- Order Instituting Proceedings, In the matter of: JPMorgan Chase Bank N.A., United States, Commodity Futures Trading Commission, 11 November 2014.
- Consent Order for Civil Money Penalty Against JPMorgan Chase Bank N.A. United States, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, 11 November 2014.
- FCA Final Notice 2014: JPMorgan Chase Bank N.A., United Kingdom, Financial Services Authority, 12 November 2014.
- Plea agreement: United States of America v. JPMorgan Chase & Co, United States, Department of Justice, 20 May 2015.
- Order to Cease and Desist: JPMorgan Chase & Co, United States, Federal Reserve, 20 May 2015.
RBS
- Order Instituting Proceedings, In the matter of: Royal Bank of Scotland Plc, United States, Commodity Futures Trading Commission, 11 November 2014.
- FCA Final Notice 2014: The Royal Bank of Scotland Plc, United Kingdom, Financial Services Authority, 12 November 2014.
- Plea agreement: United States of America v. Royal Bank of Scotland Plc, United States, Department of Justice, 20 May 2015.
- Order to Cease and Desist: Royal Bank of Scotland Plc, United States, Federal Reserve, 20 May 2015.
UBS
- Order Instituting Proceedings, In the matter of: UBS AG, United States, Commodity Futures Trading Commission, 11 November 2014.
- FCA Final Notice 2014: UBS AG, United Kingdom, Financial Services Authority, 12 November 2014.
- FINMA Summary Report UBS Foreign Exchange, Switzerland, Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority, 12 November 2014.
- Plea agreement: United States of America v. UBS AG, United States, Department of Justice, 20 May 2015.
- Order to Cease and Desist: UBS AG, United States, Federal Reserve, 20 May 2015.
Pemerintahan
- Bank of England Foreign Exchange Market Investigation, United Kingdom, Bank of England, 12 November 2014.