Gereja Katolik di Tiongkok

Lihat pula: Kekristenan di Tiongkok

Gereja Katolik di Tiongkok (disebut Tiānzhǔ Jiào, 天主教, artinya, "Agama Pemimpin Surga", yang mengambil istilah Allah yang biasanya dipakai dalam bahasa Tionghoa oleh umat Katolik) memiliki sejarah panjang dan terkomplikasi. Kekristenan telah ada di Tiongkok dalam beragam bentuk sejak sekitar Dinasti Tang pada abad ke-8 Masehi. Setelah Partai Komunis Tiongkok mengambil alih pada 1949, para misionaris Katolik dan Protestan diusir dari negara tersebut, dan agama tersebut dicap sebagai perwujudan imperialisme barat. Pada 1957, pemerintah Tiongkok mendirikan Asosiasi Katolik Patriotik Tiongkok, yang menyangkal otoritas Tahta Suci dan mengangkat uskup-uskupnya sendiri.

Sebuah gereja Katolik di Jingzhou

Referensi

Sumber

Umum

• Clark, Anthony E. (2013). A Voluntary Exile: Chinese Christianity and Cultural Confluence since 1552. ISBN 9781611461480. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-08-01. Diakses tanggal 2017-04-20. 
• Madsen, Richard (2002). "Beyond Orthodoxy: Catholicism as Chinese Folk Religion". Dalam Uhalley, Stephen; Wu, Xiaoxin. China and Christianity: Burdened Past, Hopeful Future. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe. hlm. 233–249. ISBN 0765606615. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-08-01. Diakses tanggal 2017-04-20. 
• Tang, Edmond; Wiest, Jean-Paul (1993). The Catholic Church in Modern China: Perspectives. Maryknoll, N.Y.: Orbis Books. ISBN 0883448343. 
• Uhalley, Stephen; Wu, Xiaoxin (2001). China and Christianity: Burdened Past, Hopeful Future. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe. ISBN 0765606615. 

Misi Katolik dan Kekristenan lokal sebelum 1950

• Brockey, Liam Matthew (2008). Journey to the East the Jesuit Mission to China, 1579-1724. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. 
• Clark, Anthony E (2011). China's Saints: Catholic Martyrdom During the Qing (1644-1911). Bethlehem PA; Lanham, Md.: Lehigh University Press; Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9781611460162. 
• Menegon, Eugenio (2009). Ancestors, Virgins, & Friars : Christianity as a Local Religion in Late Imperial China. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Asia Center for the Harvard-Yenching Institute: Distributed by Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674035966. 
• Harrison, Henrietta (2013). The Missionary's Curse and Other Tales from a Chinese Catholic Village. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 9780520273115. 
• Lozada, Eriberto P. (2001). God Aboveground: Catholic Church, Postsocialist State, and Transnational Processes in a Chinese Village. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. ISBN 0804740976. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-08-01. Diakses tanggal 2017-04-20. 
• Young, Ernest P. (2013). Ecclesiastical Colony: China's Catholic Church and the French Religious Protectorate. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199924622. 

Pasca 1949

• Chu, Cindy Yik-yi (2012). The Catholic Church in China 1978 to the Present. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137075659. 
• Leung, Beatrice (1992). Sino-Vatican Relations: Problems in Conflicting Authority, 1976-1986. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521381738. 
• —— (2002). "The Catholic Church in Post-1997 Hong Kong". Dalam Uhalley, Stephen; Xiaoxin Wu. China and Christianity: Burdened Past, Hopeful Future. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe. hlm. 301–343. ISBN 0765606615. 
• Madsen, Richard (1998). China's Catholics: Tragedy and Hope in an Emerging Civil Society. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0520213262. 
• —— (2002). "Beyond Orthodoxy: Catholicism as Chinese Folk Religion". Dalam Uhalley, Stephen; Xiaoxin Wu. China and Christianity: Burdened Past, Hopeful Future. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe. hlm. 233–249. ISBN 0765606615. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-08-01. Diakses tanggal 2017-04-20.  in Uhalley, Wu, ed. (2001).
• Mariani, Paul Philip (2011). Church Militant Bishop Kung and Catholic Resistance in Communist Shanghai. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674063174. 

Lihat juga

• Daftar misionaris Katolik di Tiongkok

Pranala luar

• The Catholic Church in China Diarsipkan 2022-08-16 di Wayback Machine. by GCatholic.org
• Beijing Northern Church – a Full Introduction to the Home of Beijing Diocese Diarsipkan 2014-04-26 di Wayback Machine. by ChinaReport.com
• Catholics and Civil Society in China: Roundtable before the Congressional-Executive Commission on China, One Hundred Eighth Congress, Second Session, September 17, 2004 Diarsipkan 2023-08-01 di Wayback Machine.
• Roman Catholic Church in China in Catholic Hierarchy Diarsipkan 2023-03-28 di Wayback Machine. ^{[self-published]}
• Bible in Chinese, by Catholic Missionaries in Asia Diarsipkan 2007-07-16 di Wayback Machine.
• Father Vincent Lebbe Diarsipkan 2007-10-09 di Wayback Machine.
•  Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "The Church in China". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 
• Religious Freedom in China Diarsipkan 2023-06-07 di Wayback Machine. by Cardinal Kung Foundation