Kereta kecepatan tinggi Haramain

Kereta kecepatan tinggi Haramain
Kereta kecepatan tinggi Haramain
	; Kereta kecepatan tinggi Haramain Wikipedia \| Kode sumber \| Tata penggunaan <mapframe>: Isi JSON bukan GeoJSON+simplestyle yang sah. Daftar ini menunjukkan semua upaya untuk menafsirkannya menurut Skema JSON. 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Ikhtisar
Jenis	Kereta kecepatan tinggi
Sistem	Organisasi kereta api Saudi
Status	Operasional
Terminus	Madinah; Mekkah
Stasiun	5
Penumpang harian	6,97 juta (2023)
Operasi
Dibuka	11 Oktober 2018
Operator	Kereta Api Arab Saudi (SAR)
Rangkaian	Talgo 350
Data teknis
Panjang lintas	449 kilometer (279,0 mi)
Jenis rel	2
Lebar sepur	1.435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
Kecepatan operasi	hingga 320 km/h (200 mph)
Peta rute
Peta rute

Kereta kecepatan tinggi Haramain (bahasa Arab: قطار الحرمين السريع) juga dikenal sebagai Jalur Kereta Api Barat atau Kereta kecepatan tinggi Mekkah-Madinah adalah sebuah sistem transportasi kereta kecepatan tinggi antar kota dengan jarak 449 km di Arab Saudi.^[2] Jalur ini menghubungkan dua kota suci umat Islam, Madinah dan Makkah, melalui Kota Ekonomi Raja Abdullah (KAEC) di Rabigh, Jeddah dan Bandar Udara Internasional Raja Abdul Aziz Jeddah. Jalur ini akan terhubung dengan jaringan nasional kereta api di Arab Saudi di Jeddah. Proyek ini dimulai pada tahun 2009 dan beroperasi penuh melayani perjalanan Mekkah ke Madinah sejak 31 Maret 2021. Pada bulan Agustus 2014, Jalur dari Madinah ke Rabigh dijadwalkan akan dibuka pada akhir tahun 2015, merupakan usulan agar jalur ini dibuka secara bertahap^[3]

Pada Maret 2009 pembangunan pekerjaan sipil dimulai dengan memberikan kontrak kepada konsorsium Aliansi Al Rajhi yang terdiri dari China Railway Construction Corporation (CRCC), Al Arrab Contracting Company Ltd, Al Suwailem Company dan Bouygues sebuah perusahaan konstruksi Perancis. Jalur kereta ini direncanakan sebagai sarana transportasi kereta listrik yang aman dan nyaman berkecepatan 300 kilometer per jam (190 mph). Biaya total proyek ini adalah $60 milyar (sekitar Rp 900 trilyun) . Jalur ini diharapkan dapat membawa tiga juta penumpang per tahun, termasuk jemaah haji dan umrah, serta membantu mengurangi kemacetan lalu lintas di jalan-jalan.^[4]^[5]^[6]

Desain

Jalur ganda dengan listrik dirancang memiliki kecepatan 360 kilometer per jam (220 mph).^[7] Kereta akan berjalan dengan kecepatan 320 kilometer per jam (200 mph),^[5] dan perjalanan 78 kilometer (48 mi) antara Jeddah dan Mekkah akan mengambil waktu kurang dari setengah jam, sedangkan 410 kilometer (250 mi) antara Jeddah dan Madinah akan memakan waktu sekitar 2 jam.^[5] Jalur, kereta dan stasiun dirancang dapat dipergunakan pada suhu berkisar antara 0 °C (32 °F) sampai 50 °C (122 °F).^[4]

Stasiun

Jalur ini akan memiliki 5 stasiun yaitu:

Madinah (Kota Pengetahuan dan Perekonomian) di ujung utara jalur
Kota Ekonomi Raja Abdullah di Rabigh
Bandar Udara Internasional King Abdul Aziz Jeddah
Pusat kota Jeddah
Mekkah di selatan^[8]^[9]

Stasiun Sentral Mekkah akan dibangun dekat Jalur Lingkar ke-3. Stasiun Sentral Jeddah akan dibangun di Jalan Raya Haramain. Jalur ini akan sejalur dengan median Jalan Raya Haramain. Stasiun Bandar Udara Internasional Raja Abdul Aziz Jeddah akan menjadi stasiun terakhir. Madinah hanya memiliki satu stasiun. Kemungkinan akan dibangun sebuah stasiun di Terminal Haji Bandar Udara Jeddah.^[7]

Menurut Organisasi Kereta api Saudi, Stasiun akan memiliki bangunan dengan ikon yang berestetika, dengan desain yang memperhitungkan tradisi arsitektur Islam. Setiap stasiun akan memiliki toko, restoran, masjid, parkir, helipad dan ruang tunggu VIP. Stasiun dirancang oleh Buro Happold dan Foster & Partners.^[2]

Kereta

46 kereta Talgo 350 sudah dipesan; kereta ini dapat melaju dengan kecepatan 330 kilometer per jam (210 mph). Propulsi dan bogie akan dibuat di pabrik-pabrik Bombardier di Spanyol.^[10]

Lihat pula

Jalur kereta api Hijaz

Referensi

^ Smith, Kevin (29 April 2024). "Haramain high-speed passengers exceed 1 million during Ramadan". International Railway Journal. Diakses tanggal 1 Agustus 2024.
^ ^a ^b "Spanish consortium wins Haramain High Speed Rail contract". Railway Gazette International. 2011-10-26.
^ Bridge near KAIA to be removed in 2 months
^ ^a ^b "Haramain High Speed Rail Project, Saudi Arabia". railway-technology.com. Net Resources International, a trading division of SPG Media Limited. 2010. Diakses tanggal 27 Februari 2010.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Al Rajhi wins Makkah – Madinah civils contract". Railway Gazette International. 2009-02-09.
^ "Saudi bidding hots up". Railway Gazette International. 2008-03-10.
^ ^a ^b "Project brief". Saudi Railways Expansion Programme. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009-12-18. Diakses tanggal 2014-10-09.
^ "Phase 1 (Package 2) – Stations". Saudi Railways Expansion Programme. Saudi Railways Organization. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009-12-26. Diakses tanggal 26 Februari 2010.
^ "High speed stations for a high speed railway". Railway Gazette International. 2009-04-23.
^ "Bombardier to supply components for Haramain High Speed Rail trains - Railway Gazette". Railway Gazette International. Diakses tanggal 24 September 2012.

Pranala luar

Saudi Railways Organization Diarsipkan 2011-09-13 di Wayback Machine.
Haramain Saudi-Spanish Alliance Diarsipkan 2012-06-27 di Wayback Machine. (Spanyol)
Haramain High Speed Rail Project video
Mecca Central Station Project video
A rough map of the project using Google Maps

[2024-Ramadan-1] Smith, Kevin (29 April 2024). "Haramain high-speed passengers exceed 1 million during Ramadan". International Railway Journal. Diakses tanggal 1 Agustus 2024.

[rgi20111026-2] "Spanish consortium wins Haramain High Speed Rail contract". Railway Gazette International. 2011-10-26.

[3] Bridge near KAIA to be removed in 2 months

[net-4] "Haramain High Speed Rail Project, Saudi Arabia". railway-technology.com. Net Resources International, a trading division of SPG Media Limited. 2010. Diakses tanggal 27 Februari 2010.

[arwmmcc-5] "Al Rajhi wins Makkah – Madinah civils contract". Railway Gazette International. 2009-02-09.

[hotsup-6] "Saudi bidding hots up". Railway Gazette International. 2008-03-10.

[brief-7] "Project brief". Saudi Railways Expansion Programme. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009-12-18. Diakses tanggal 2014-10-09.

[SREPP-8] "Phase 1 (Package 2) – Stations". Saudi Railways Expansion Programme. Saudi Railways Organization. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009-12-26. Diakses tanggal 26 Februari 2010.

[rgi20090423-9] "High speed stations for a high speed railway". Railway Gazette International. 2009-04-23.

[10] "Bombardier to supply components for Haramain High Speed Rail trains - Railway Gazette". Railway Gazette International. Diakses tanggal 24 September 2012.

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