Knanaya
Knānāya, (Suryani: Knā'nāya (Kanaan)) juga dikenal sebagai Orang Selatan atau Tekkumbhagar, adalah sebuah kelompok etnis endogami yang ditemukan di kalangan komunitas Kristen Santo Tomas di Kerala, India. Mereka berbeda dari bagian lain dari komunitas tersebut, yang dikenal dalam konteks ini sebagai Orang Utara (Vaddakkumbhagar). Terdapat sekitar 300.000 Knanaya di India dan tempat lainnya.[1]
 Diaspora Knānāya dari Malabar Kuno | |
| Daerah dengan populasi signifikan | |
|---|---|
| s. 300.000 (Kerala, India; Amerika Serikat; wilayah lainnya) | |
| Bahasa | |
| Malayalam: bahasa-bahasa lokal
Liturgi dan Tradisional: Suryani Penulisan: Suriyani Malayalam | |
| Agama | |
| Umumnya Gereja Katolik Siro-Malabar dan Gereja Ortodoks Siria Jacobite Malankara | |
| Kelompok etnik terkait | |
| Kristen Santo Tomas, Malayali, Yahudi Cochin, Siria, Persia |
Cikal bakal kominitas Knanaya bermula dari kedatangan pedagang Suryani Tomas dari Kana (Knāi Thoma) yang memimpin migrasi Kristen Suryani (Yahudi-Kristen) dari kawasan Mesopotamia Persia ke India pada abad ke-4 atau ke-8.[2][1] Kedatangan komunitas tersebut tercatat pada plakat tembaga Tomas dari Kana yang ada di Kerala sampai abad ke-17 setelah wilayah tersebut diserahkan ke Portugal oleh Ordo Fransiskan.[3][4] [5] [6] Pemisahan antara Knanaya dan Kristen Santo Tomas lainnya terjadi dalam masa kolonisasi Portugis di India pada abad ke-16 dan tercatat sepanjang era kolonial Eropa.[7][8]
Pada saat ini, mayoritas Knanaya adalah anggota Gereja Katolik Siro-Malabar (Eparki Agung Kottayam) dan Gereja Ortodoks Siria Jacobite (Keuskupan Agung Knanaya). Kebanyakan Knanaya bermigrasi jauh pada abad ke-20 dan ke-21, kebanyakan ke wilayah barat, membentuk komunitas di wilayah pemakai bahasa non-Malayalam, dengan komunitas ekspatriat besar kini tinggal di Houston, Texas dan Chicago, Illinois di Amerika Serikat.
Referensi
sunting- ^ a b Fahlbusch 2008, hlm. 286.
- ^ Frykenberg 2010, hlm. 113.
- ^ Swiderski 1988b, hlm. 65–66.
- ^ Weil 1982, hlm. 175–196.
- ^ King 2018, hlm. 663-679.
- ^ Narayanan 2018, hlm. 302-303.
- ^ Swiderski 1988a, hlm. 83.
- ^ Sharma & Sharma 2004, hlm. 12.
Daftar pustaka
sunting- Alumkalnal, Sunish (2013). Pesaha Celebration of Nasranis: A Sociocultural analysis. Journal of Indo-Judaic studies. 13.
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- Frykenberg, Robert (2010). Christianity in India: From Beginnings to the Present. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199575831.
- Gamliel, Ophira (April 2009). Jewish Malayalam Women's Songs (Tesis PhD). Hebrew University. http://shemer.mslib.huji.ac.il/dissertations/W/JMS/001489509.pdf. Diakses pada 2 October 2018.
- Hatch, William (2012). An Album of Dated Syriac Manuscripts. Gorgias Press LLC. ISBN 978-1-4632-3315-0.
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- Kochadampallil, Mathew (2019). Southist Vicariate of Kottayam. Media House Delhi. ISBN 978-9387298668.
- Kollaparambil, Jacob (1992). The Babylonian origin of the Southists among the St. Thomas Christians. Pontifical Oriental Institute. ISBN 8872102898.
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- Swiderski, Richard Michael (1988). "Northists and Southists: A Folklore of Kerala Christians". Asian Folklore Studies. Nanzan University. 47 (1): 73–92. doi:10.2307/1178253. JSTOR 1178253.
- Swiderski, Richard Michael (1988). Blood Weddings: The Knanaya Christians of Kerala. Madras: New Era. ISBN 9780836424546. Diakses tanggal 8 June 2012.
- Swiderski, Richard Michael (1988). "Oral Text: A South Indian Instance" (PDF). Oral Tradition. 3 (1–2): 129–133. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2014-07-27. Diakses tanggal 26 July 2014.
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Pranala luar
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