Negara sosialis

Negara sosialis atau republik sosialis (terkadang Negara Buruh) merujuk kepada negara manapun yang secara konstitusi didedikasikan untuk pendirian sosialisme. Dalam penggunaan Barat, istilah "negara Komunis" sering kali digunakan untuk merujuk kepada negara sosialis partai tunggal yang diperintah oleh partai yang memegang sebuah varian dari Marxisme–Leninisme; namun negara-negara tersebut resminya menyebut diri mereka sendiri sebagai "negara sosialis" yang berada dalam proses pembangunan sosialisme dan tidak menyebut mereka sendiri sebagai "komunis" atau mencapai komunisme.^[1]^[2]^[3] Disamping "negara komunis", sejumlah negara lainnya mendeskripsikan oritentasi mereka sebagai "sosialis" dalam konstitusi mereka.

Negara sosialis berbeda dari negara liberal demokratik multi-partai yang diperintah oleh partai sosialis, dimana negara tersebut tidak secara konstitusional bertumpu pada konstruksi sosialisme. Dalam kasus semacam itu, sistem politik dan mesin pemerintahan tidak secara khusus berstruktur untuk pengembangan sosialisme.

Referensi

^ Wilczynski, J. (2008). The Economics of Socialism after World War Two: 1945-1990. Aldine Transaction. hlm. 21. ISBN 978-0202362281. Contrary to Western usage, these countries describe themselves as ‘Socialist’ (not ‘Communist’). The second stage (Marx’s ‘higher phase’), or ‘Communism’ is to be marked by an age of plenty, distribution according to needs (not work), the absence of money and the market mechanism, the disappearance of the last vestiges of capitalism and the ultimate ‘whithering away of the state.
^ Steele, David Ramsay (September 1999). From Marx to Mises: Post Capitalist Society and the Challenge of Economic Calculation. Open Court. hlm. 45. ISBN 978-0875484495. Among Western journalists the term ‘Communist’ came to refer exclusively to regimes and movements associated with the Communist International and its offspring: regimes which insisted that they were not communist but socialist, and movements which were barely communist in any sense at all.
^ Rosser, Mariana V. and J Barkley Jr. (July 23, 2003). Comparative Economics in a Transforming World Economy. MIT Press. hlm. 14. ISBN 978-0262182348. Ironically, the ideological father of communism, Karl Marx, claimed that communism entailed the withering away of the state. The dictatorship of the proletariat was to be a strictly temporary phenomenon. Well aware of this, the Soviet Communists never claimed to have achieved communism, always labeling their own system socialist rather than communist and viewing their system as in transition to communism.

[The_Economics_of_Socialism_after_World_War_Two:_1945-1990-1] Wilczynski, J. (2008). The Economics of Socialism after World War Two: 1945-1990. Aldine Transaction. hlm. 21. ISBN 978-0202362281. Contrary to Western usage, these countries describe themselves as ‘Socialist’ (not ‘Communist’). The second stage (Marx’s ‘higher phase’), or ‘Communism’ is to be marked by an age of plenty, distribution according to needs (not work), the absence of money and the market mechanism, the disappearance of the last vestiges of capitalism and the ultimate ‘whithering away of the state.

[2] Steele, David Ramsay (September 1999). From Marx to Mises: Post Capitalist Society and the Challenge of Economic Calculation. Open Court. hlm. 45. ISBN 978-0875484495. Among Western journalists the term ‘Communist’ came to refer exclusively to regimes and movements associated with the Communist International and its offspring: regimes which insisted that they were not communist but socialist, and movements which were barely communist in any sense at all.

[3] Rosser, Mariana V. and J Barkley Jr. (July 23, 2003). Comparative Economics in a Transforming World Economy. MIT Press. hlm. 14. ISBN 978-0262182348. Ironically, the ideological father of communism, Karl Marx, claimed that communism entailed the withering away of the state. The dictatorship of the proletariat was to be a strictly temporary phenomenon. Well aware of this, the Soviet Communists never claimed to have achieved communism, always labeling their own system socialist rather than communist and viewing their system as in transition to communism.

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