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Daftar tingkat kematian kasus penyakit manusia

Revisi sejak 11 April 2020 20.12 oleh GogoLion (bicara | kontrib) (MASIH DALAM PEMBUATAN)

Ini adalah daftar tingkat fatalitas kasus (CFR) penyakit manusia. CFR adalah angka kematian yang disebabkan oleh penyakit tertentu pada periode waktu tertentu dibagi jumlah kasus dari penyakit tersebut. Data didasarkan pada pasien yang dirawat secara optimal dan mengecualikan kasus terisolasi atau wabah kecil, kecuali dinyatakan sebaliknya.

Penyakit Penyebab Pengobatan Tingkat kematian Catatan Referensi
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies Prion Belum ada pengobatan 100% Includes Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease and all its variants, fatal familial insomnia, kuru, Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker syndrome and others. [1]
Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva Autosom Belum ada pengobatan ~ 100% Death almost always results from complications of FOP, life expectancy is about 40 years [2]
Tay–Sachs disease (pre-adult) Enzim Belum ada pengobatan ~ 100% Even with the most high quality care, infants with Tay–Sachs disease usually die within a few years of displaying the first symptoms. Juvenile with the disease are likely to die from the ages 5–15, while those who develop the disease as adults will probably be largely unaffected. [3]
African trypanosomiasis Parasit (Trypanosoma brucei) Belum ditemukan pengobatan khusus ~ 100% [4]
Visceral leishmaniasis Parasit (Leishmania) Belum ditemukan pengobatan khusus ~ 100% [5]
Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, Naegleria fowleri Parasit (Naegleria fowleri) Belum ditemukan pengobatan khusus ~ 99% Amphotericin B has shown efficacy in the limited survivorship population. Around 7 documented survivors
Rabies Virus (Lyssavirus) Belum ditemukan pengobatan khusus ~ 99% Preventable with vaccines down to ~0% CFR and treatable with PEP but, once the symptoms manifest, the CFR is near 100%. Around 16 documented survivors after symptom onset, all but 3 did not receive any Rabies (specific) treatment at any time before symptom onset. Of those 3, only 1 survived without the use of a therapeutic coma [6]
Balamuthia Parasit (B. mandrillaris) Oportunistik & Belum ditemukan pengobatan khusus [7] ~ 99% 2 survivors, both have permanent brain damage. [8]
Glanders, septicemic Bakteri (Burkholderia mallei) Belum ditemukan pengobatan khusus 95% The rate drops significantly to >50% with treatment. [9]
Smallpox Variola major – specifically the malignant (flat) or hemorrhagic type Virus (Variola) Belum ditemukan pengobatan khusus ~ 95% The rate drops significantly to 10% with effective treatments.

Eradicated.

[10]:28
[11]
Ebola virus disease – specifically EBOV Virus (Ebola) Untreated & Unvaccinated 83–90%
 Prognosis improved by early supportive treatments as seen in the West African epidemic and the Kivu outbreak. [12][13]
AIDS/HIV infection Virus (HIV) Belum ditemukan pengobatan khusus 80–90% Data are counted during the first 5 years of infection in developed countries. HIV is not lethal on its own but patients are usually killed by respiratory diseases, such as flu or pneumonia because of immunodeficiency caused by HIV virus. [14]:1
Anthrax, specifically the pulmonary form Bakteri (Bacillus anthracis) Untreated & Unvaccinated > 85% Early treatments lower the CFR to 45% as seen in the 2001 AMERITHRAX letter attacks.

Monoclonal antibodies (Obilotoxaximab & Raxibacumab) could lower this further.

[10]:88
Macanine alphaherpesvirus 1 Virus (Macacine alphaherpesvirus 1) Belum ditemukan pengobatan khusus ~ 80% Early treatment including aciclovir can improve prognosis. [15]
Aspergillosis, invasive pulmonary form Fungi (Aspergillus) Opportunistic w/COPD, Tuberculosis and Immunocompromised 50–90% [16]
Smallpox, Variola major – in pregnant women Virus (Variola) Belum ada vaksin > 65% [10]:88
Cryptococcal meningitis Fungi (Cryptococcus) Co-infection with HIV 40–60% 6 month mortality is >=60% with fluconazole-based therapy and 40% with amphotercin-based therapy in research studies in low and middle income countries. [17]
Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 Virus (Influenza) ~ 60% [18]
Bubonic plague Bakteri (Y. pestis) Belum ditemukan pengobatan khusus & Belum ada vaksin 5–60% [10]:57
Tularemia, pneumonic Bakteri (Francisella tularensis) Belum ditemukan pengobatan khusus ≤ 60% [10]:78
Anthrax, gastrointestinal, intestinal type Bakteri (Bacillus anthracis) Untreated & Unvaccinated > 50% [10]:27
Marburg virus disease – all outbreaks combined Virus (Marburg) Belum ditemukan pengobatan khusus 23–90% 23% in 1967 when it was first identified and 90% in 2004-2005 when the worst outbreak of the disease occurred. Galidesivir has shown promise in treating Filoviridae [19][20]
Plague, pneumonic Bakteri (Yersinia Pestis) Untreated & Unvaccinated 50% [10]:58
Tetanus, Generalized Bakteri (Clostridium tetani) Untreated & Unvaccinated 50% CFR drops to 10–20% with effective treatment. [21]
Reye's Syndrome Tidak diketahui > 40% [22]
Baylisascariasis Parasit (Baylisascaris procyonis) ~40% With occurrence of Neural Larva Migrans; early, aggressive treatment necessary for survival, but only 2 full recoveries from NLM ever documented [23]
Plague, septicemic Bakteri (Yersinia Pestis) Untreated & Unvaccinated 30–50% [10]:58
Hantavirus infection Virus (Orthohantavirus) 36% Ribavirin may be a drug for HPS and HFRS but its effectiveness remains unknown, still, spontaneous recovery is possible with supportive treatment.
Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) Virus (MERS-CoV) 35% Galidesivir has shown promise in treating Coronaviridae [24]
Tularemia, typhoidal Bakteri (Francisella tularensis) Belum ditemukan pengobatan khusus 3–35% [10]:77
Eastern equine encephalitis virus Virus (togavirus) ~ 33% [25]
Anthrax, gastrointestinal, oropharyngeal type Bakteri (Bacillus anthracis) 10–50% [10]:27
Tuberculosis, HIV Negative Bakteri (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) Vaksin 43% Vaccines have been developed but have been frequently dismissed for having received controversial and improper testing on African populations. [26]
Smallpox, Variola major Virus (Variola) Belum ada vaksin 30% [10]:88
Varicella (chickenpox), in newborns Virus (Human alphaherpesvirus 3) Belum ditemukan pengobatan khusus ~ 30% Where the mothers develop the disease between 5 days prior to, or 2 days after delivery. [14]:110
Cancer (overall) Bermacam-macam Ditemukan 30% ~97% will die within five years if untreated.[27] [28]
Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) Virus (Dengue) Belum ditemukan pengobatan khusus 26% Dengue haemorrhagic fever is also known as severe dengue.[29] [30]
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) Virus (Orthohantavirus) Belum ditemukan pengobatan khusus ~21% Galidesivir has shown promise in treating Bunyavirales [31]
Leptospirosis Bakteri ( Leptospira) < 5–30% [14]:352
Legionellosis Bakteri (Legionella) ~ 15% [14]:665
Anorexia Nervosa Tidak diketahui Cohort summary 16% [32]
Meningococcal disease Bakteri ( Neisseria meningitidis) Untreated & Unvaccinated 10–20% [33]
Typhoid fever Bakteri (Salmonella) Untreated & Unvaccinated 10–20% [14]:665
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Virus (SARS-CoV) 11% Galidesivir has shown promise in treating Coronaviridae [34]
Intestinal capillariasis Paraasit (Capillaria philippinensis) Belum ditemukan pengobatan khusus ~ 10% [35]
Visceral leishmaniasis Parasit (Leishmania) ~ 10% [36]
Botulism Bakteri ( Clostridium botulinum) Ditemukan < 10% Untreated foodborne botulism is thought to be ~50% [37]
Diphtheria, respiratory Bakteri (Corynebacterium diphtheriae) Untreated & Unvaccinated ~ 5–10% [38]
Yellow fever Virus (Flaviviridae) Unvaccinated 7.5% [39]
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Virus (COVID-19) ~6.04% Global, up to 10 April 2020.[40][41] [42]
Pertussis (batuk rejan), bayi di negara berkembang Bakteri ( Bordetella pertussis) Unvaccinated ~ 3.7% [14]:456
Smallpox, Variola major Virus (Variola) Vaksin ditemukan 3% [10]:88
1918 (Spanish) flu Virus (Influenza) Ditemukan > 2.5% [43]
Angiostrongyliasis Parasit (Angiostrongylus) ~2.4% From Hawaiian cases. [44]
Measles (rubeola), in developing countries Virus (Measles morbillivirus) Unvaccinated ~ 1–3% May reach 10–30% in some localities. [14]:431
Brucellosis Bakteri (B. melitensis) Belum ditemukan pengobatan khusus ≤ 2% [14]:87
Hepatitis A, adults > 50 years old Virus (Hepatovirus A) Unvaccinated ~ 1.8% [14]:278
Lassa fever Virus (Lassa mammarenavirus) ~ 1% 15% in hospitalized patients; higher in some epidemics. [14]:334
Mumps encephalitis Virus (Mumps orthorubulavirus) Unvaccinated ~ 1% [14]:431
Pertussis (batuk rejan), anak-anak di negara berkembang Bakteri (Bordetella pertussis) Unvaccinated ~ 1% For children 1–4 years old. [14]:456
Smallpox, Variola minor Virus (Variola) Unvaccinated 1% [10]:87–88
Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis (VEE) Virus (Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus) < 1% [10]:97–98
Anthrax, cutaneous Bakteri (Bacillus anthracis) < 1% [10]:27
Malaria Parasit (Plasmodium) ~ 0.3% [45]
Hepatitis A Virus (Hepatovirus A) Unvaccinated 0.1–0.3% [14]:278
Asian (1956–58) flu Virus (Influenza) ~ 0.1% [46]
Hong Kong (1968–69) flu Virus (Influenza) ~ 0.1% [46]
Influenza A, typical pandemics Virus (Influenza) < 0.1% [43]
Varicella (chickenpox), dewasa Virus (Human alphaherpesvirus 3) Unvaccinated 0.02% This is 1:5,000. [14]:110
Hand, foot and mouth disease, children < 5 years old Virus (Picornaviridae) 0.01% This is 1:10,000. [47]
Varicella (chickenpox), children Virus (Human alphaherpesvirus 3) Unvaccinated 0.001% This is 1:100,000. [14]:110

Lihat juga

Referensi

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