Izhitsa

salah satu huruf alfabet Kiril

Izhitsa (Ѵ, ѵ; italik: Ѵ ѵ; SGK: Ѷжица, bahasa Rusia: И́жица) adalah dari huruf Alfabet Kiril awal dan Alfabet sesudahnya, biasanya setelah barisan. Itu berasal dari Huruf Yunani upsilon (Y, υ) dan telah digunakan dalam kata dan nama yang berasal dari Bahasa Yunani, seperti кѵрилъ (kürilǔ, "Kiril", dari Yunani Κύριλλος) atau флаѵии (flavii, "Flavius", dari Yunani Φλάυιος). Itu melambangkan suara /i/ atau /v/ sebagai huruf biasa dan и dan в, masing-masing. Alfabet Glagol juga memiliki huruf yang sesuai dengan nama izhitsa (Ⱛ, ⱛ). Juga, izhitsa dalam bentuk bakunya atau, paling sering, dalam varian berekor (mirip dengan bahasa Latin "y") adalah bagian dari digraf оѵ/оу melambangkan suara /u/. Digraf yang dikenal Kiril sebagai "Uk", dan hari ini berkembang menjadi Huruf U berasal dari bentuknya yang disederhanakan.

Huruf Kiril Izhitsa

Penggunaan Fonetis:[v] atau [i]
Nomor Kiril:400
Diambil dari:Huruf Yunani Upsilon (Υ υ)
Alfabet Kiril
Huruf Slavia
АА́А̀А̂А̄ӒБ
ВГҐДЂЃЕ
Е́ÈЕ̂ЁЄЖЗ
З́ЅИИ́ЍИ̂Й
ІЇЈКЛЉМ
НЊОŌПРС
С́ТЋЌУУ́ У̀
У̂ӮЎФХЦЧ
ЏШЩЪЫЬЭ
ЮЯ
Huruf non-Slavia
ӐА̊А̃Ӓ̄ӔӘӘ́
Ә̃ӚВ̌ҒГ̑Г̣Г̌
ҔӺҒ̌ӶД̌Д̣Д̆
ӖЕ̄Е̃Ё̄Є̈ӁҖ
ӜҘӞЗ̌З̱З̣Ԑ
Ԑ̈ӠӢИ̃ҊӤҚ
ӃҠҞҜК̣ԚӅ
ԮԒӍӉҢԨӇ
ҤО́О̀О̆О̂О̃Ӧ
Ӧ̄ӨӨ̄Ө́Ө̆ӪҨ
ԤР̌ҎҪС̣С̱Т̌
Т̣ҬУ̃Ӱ Ӱ́Ӱ̄Ӳ
ҮҮ́ҰХ̣Х̱Х̮Х̑
ҲӼӾҺҺ̈ԦҴ
ҶӴӋҸҼҾЫ̆
Ы̄ӸҌЭ̆Э̄Э̇Ӭ
Ӭ́Ӭ̄Ю̆Ю̈Ю̈́Ю̄Я̆
Я̄Я̈ Я̈́ԜӀ
Huruf Kuno atau tidak digunakan
ҀѺ
ОУѠѼѾ
ѢѤѦ
ѪѨѬѮ
ѰѲѴѶԘ
ԀԔԖԠԢ
Ҧ
ԂԄԈԊԌ
ԎԆԞ
ԪԬГ̧Г̄

Nama tradisional huruf itu, izhitsa (ижица), dijelaskan sebagai diminutif dari kata иго (igo, "kuk"), karena bentuk hurufnya, atau иже ( izhe, "yang"), nama huruf Kiril dan Glagol utama untuk bunyi yang sama, /i/.

The numeral value of Cyrillic izhitsa is 400. Glagolitic izhitsa has no numeral value. Church Slavonic editions printed in Russia use a tailed variant of the letter for the numeral purpose, whereas editions from Serbia or Romania (including books in the Romanian Cyrillic alphabet), as well as early printed books from Ukraine, prefer a basic form of the letter without the tail.

Rusia

Dalam Bahasa Rusia, penggunaan izhitsa menjadi semakin jarang selama abad ke-18 dan ke-19. Pada awal abad ke-20, hanya ada satu kata dengan ejaan yang relatif stabil yang menyertakan huruf izhitsa: о (miro, "mur") dan turunannya.

In the documents of the spelling reform of 1917–1918, izhitsa is not mentioned at all,[1][2] although the statement that it was canceled at that time, along with decimal i, yat and fita, is not only widespread, but also reflected in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia.[3] In fact, Ѵ fell out of use in the civil alphabet gradually, under the influence not only of the general direction of changes in the spelling of the Russian language, but also of the displacement of words and texts on religious topics from the civil press. At the same time, for example, steam locomotives of the Ѵ series were produced until 1931 and were in operation until they were decommissioned in the 1950s.

Serbian

Ejaan tradisional bahasa Serbia lebih konservatif; itu melestarikan semua izhitsa yang dimotivasi secara etimologis dalam kata-kata yang berasal dari Yunani. Vuk Stefanović Karadžić telah mereformasi alfabet Serbia pada awal abad kesembilan belas dan menghilangkan huruf tersebut, tetapi ejaan lama digunakan di beberapa tempat hingga akhir tahun 1880-an.

(New) Church Slavonic

Izhitsa is still in use in the Church Slavonic language. Like Greek upsilon, it can be pronounced as /i/ (like и), or as /v/ (like в). The basic distinction rule is simple: izhitsa with stress and/or aspiration marks is a vowel and therefore pronounced /i/; izhitsa without diacritical marks is a consonant and pronounced /v/. Unstressed, /i/-sounding izhitsas are marked with a special diacritical mark, the so-called kendema or kendima (from the Greek word κέντημα [ˈcendima]). The shape of kendema over izhitsa may vary: in books of Russian origin, it typically looks like a double grave accent or sometimes like a double acute accent. In older Serbian books, kendema most often looked like two dots (trema) or might even be replaced by a surrogate combination of aspiration and acute. These shape distinctions (with the exception of the aspiration-acute combination) have no orthographical meaning and must be considered as just font style variations, thus the Unicode name "IZHITSA WITH DOUBLE GRAVE" is slightly misleading. Izhitsa with kendema (majuscule: Ѷ, minuscule: ѷ) is not a separate letter of the alphabet, but it may have personal position in computer encodings (e.g., Unicode). Historically, izhitsa with kendema corresponds to the Greek upsilon with trema (or διαλυτικά: Ϋ, ϋ). While in modern editions of ancient and modern Greek the trema is used only to prevent a digraph (as <ευ> [ev, ef] versus <εϋ> [ei]), Slavonic usage of kendema still continues that of many medieval Greek manuscripts, in which the "diaeresis" sign was often used simply to mark an upsilon or iota as such, irrespective of any other vowels (e.g. δϊαλϋτϊκά, which would not be correct by today's conventions).

Romanian

Traditional orthography of the Romanian language used izhitsa in the same manner as Church Slavonic, with all the above-mentioned peculiarities. This writing system was used until about 1860 in Romania and until the 1910s in church books in Moldova.

Aleut

The Cyrillic letter izhitsa was also used historically in certain loanwords in the Cyrillic script version of Aleut.[butuh rujukan]

Izhitsa as a replacement of a different character

In Russian typography, the capital form of izhitsa has traditionally been used instead of the Roman numeral V; this tradition survived several decades longer than izhitsa as a letter of the alphabet.[butuh rujukan]

The izhitsa is sometimes used in place of the new IPA symbol for the labiodental flap (ⱱ) because the signs are similar.[butuh rujukan]

Computing codes

Informasi karakter
Pratayang Ѵ ѵ Ѷ ѷ
Nama Unicode CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER IZHITSA CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER IZHITSA CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER
IZHITSA WITH DOUBLE GRAVE ACCENT
CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER
IZHITSA WITH DOUBLE GRAVE ACCENT
Pengodean decimal hex dec hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 1140 U+0474 1141 U+0475 1142 U+0476 1143 U+0477
UTF-8 209 180 D1 B4 209 181 D1 B5 209 182 D1 B6 209 183 D1 B7
Referensi karakter numerik &#1140; &#x474; &#1141; &#x475; &#1142; &#x476; &#1143; &#x477;

The tailed variant of izhitsa has no individual position in Unicode; instead, the characters U+0423 У cyrillic capital letter u and U+0443 у cyrillic small letter u are supposed to represent it.[4][Verifikasi gagal]

See also

Notes

References