Mariano Rajoy
Mariano Rajoy Brey (pengucapan bahasa Spanyol: [maˈɾjano raˈxoi]; born 27 March 1955) is a Spanish People's Party politician and is the Prime Minister of Spain since 21 December 2011.
Mariano Rajoy | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
| Perdana Menteri Spanyol | |
| Masa jabatan 21 Desember 2011 – Sekarang | |
| Penguasa monarki | Juan Carlos I |
| Wakil | Soraya Sáenz de Santamaría |
| Pemimpin Oposisi | |
| Masa jabatan 17 April 2004 – 21 Desember 2011 | |
| Perdana Menteri | José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero |
| Menteri Kepresidenan | |
| Masa jabatan 9 Juli 2002 – 3 September 2003 | |
| Perdana Menteri | José María Aznar |
| Masa jabatan 27 April 2000 – 27 Februari 2001 | |
| Perdana Menteri | José María Aznar |
| Menteri Dalam Negeri | |
| Masa jabatan 27 Februari 2001 – 9 Juli 2002 | |
| Perdana Menteri | José María Aznar |
| Deputi Pertama Perdana Menteri Spanyol | |
| Masa jabatan 27 April 2000 – 3 September 2003 | |
| Perdana Menteri | José María Aznar |
| Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan | |
| Masa jabatan 20 Januari 1999 – 27 April 2000 | |
| Perdana Menteri | José María Aznar |
| Menteri Administrasi Publik | |
| Masa jabatan 4 Mei 1996 – 20 Januari 1999 | |
| Perdana Menteri | José María Aznar |
| Anggota Deputi Kongres | |
| Masa jabatan 14 Maret 2004 – Sekarang | |
| Daerah pemilihan | Madrid |
| Masa jabatan 22 Juni 1986 – 14 Maret 2004 | |
| Daerah pemilihan | Pontevedra |
| Informasi pribadi | |
| Lahir | 27 Maret 1955 Santiago de Compostela, Spanyol |
| Partai politik | Partai Rakyat (1989–Sekarang) |
| Afiliasi politik lainnya | People's Alliance (Before 1989) |
| Suami/istri | Elvira Fernández Balboa (1996–present) |
| Anak | Mariano Juan |
| Tempat tinggal | Palace of Moncloa |
| Alma mater | University of Santiago de Compostela |
| Tanda tangan |  |
| Situs web | Party website |
  | |
Under Prime Minister José María Aznar, Rajoy was Minister of Public Administration from 1996 to 1999 and Minister of Education from 1999 to 2000; he then served as Deputy Prime Minister from 2000 to 2003. Rajoy led the People's Party into the March 2004 general election, but that election was won by the opposition Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) in the aftermath of the 2004 Madrid train bombings. Subsequently Rajoy was Leader of the Opposition from 2004 to 2011.
Early life and education
Templat:BLP unsourced section Born in Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Rajoy graduated from the University of Santiago de Compostela. At the age of 24, he passed the competitive examination required in Spain to enter into the civil service, becoming the youngest ever property registrar.
Legislative career
Early political career
Templat:BLP unsourced section Rajoy started his political career in 1981, as a member of the right-wing party People's Alliance (AP), becoming a deputy in the inaugural legislature of the Galician Parliament. In 1982, he was appointed by Galician regional President, Antonio Rosón Pérez, as Minister of Institutional Relations of the Xunta de Galicia. On June 11, 1986, Rajoy was elected President of the Provincial Council of Pontevedra, a position he held until July 1991.
In the General Elections of 22 June 1986, he obtained a seat in the Congress of Deputies as the head of the AP's list for Pontevedra, although he resigned in November to take up the post of vice-president of the Xunta of Galicia following the resignation of Xosé Luis Barreiro and the rest of the ministers. He occupied this latter position until the end of September 1987.
When in 1989 the AP merged with other parties to form the People's Party (PP), with Manuel Fraga as its president, Rajoy was named a member of its National Executive Committee and delegate for Pontevedra. He was reelected to parliament in 1993. Before the PP's triumph in the 1996 elections, he was a PP-designated member of the "Commission of Parliamentary Control of the RTVE".
Minister of the Interior: 1996–2004
A long-time associate of José María Aznar, Rajoy made the move into national politics when Aznar became Prime Minister in 1996 with the support of Basque Nationalist Party (PNV), Convergence and Union (CiU) and the Canarian Coalition, serving as Minister of Public administration and Minister of Education and Culture in the first Aznar administration.
In 1996 he married a fellow Galician, Elvira Fernandez Balboa.
He managed the successful People's Party campaign in the 2000 elections. A grateful Aznar appointed him Deputy Prime Minister of the Spanish Government. In February 2001 he was named Minister of the Interior, after Jaime Mayor Oreja decided to run as head of the People's Party list in the 2001 Basque Elections.
On 30 August 2003 Aznar announced that he would retire from politics in the 2004 elections and proposed Rajoy as his successor. After the 14th Congress of the People's Party in October 2004 he became the new Chairman of the party, by then in the opposition, having lost the elections to the PSOE.
Leader of the Opposition: 2004–2011
Three days before the 2004 general elections terrorist attacks occurred in Madrid on 11 March, which were initially blamed on ETA and later on Al-Qaeda. Aznar's government and Party leaders insisted on accusing the armed Basque separatist organisation ETA of the attacks, and on 13 March, Rajoy claimed to believe this because he was convinced of their will and capability for committing such crimes,.[1] The government was accused of attempting to blame ETA for the attacks in order to stay on track to win the elections (as they were heavily favored to do), but then news broke that it was Al-Qaida, rather than ETA.
On 14 March 2004 the PSOE, under the leadership of José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, won the elections with a majority of 1,300,000 votes over the PP, and obtained 164 deputies, while the PP obtained 9,763,144 votes but 148 deputies, 35 less than they obtained in 2000.[2] Rajoy was elected for the province of Madrid.
On 1 December 2005, Rajoy survived a helicopter accident, along with Madrid Regional Government President Esperanza Aguirre; he broke a finger in the accident.[3]
Rajoy faced a serious situation within his party after receiving public pressure from the electorally successful Alberto Ruiz Gallardón (Madrid's Mayor) to be included in the PP lists for the March 2008 general election. Gallardón represents a more centrist sector within the party, whereas Rajoy, Angel Acebes and Eduardo Zaplana are widely accepted[meragukan] as representing a more conservative wing of the party, closer to Aznar[butuh rujukan]. Rajoy's final decision was to leave Gallardón out of the list for those elections, an action which provoked concern about the alienation of potential PP voters. Some experts and newspapers even argued that it could cost Rajoy the elections[butuh rujukan]. In any case, the power struggle for succession created a tense situation for him and for the party.[4]
On 30 January 2008, Rajoy received the support of Germany's Angela Merkel and France's Nicolas Sarkozy for the March 2008 general election.[5][6] The PP was defeated in the general election, however, and Rajoy continued to lead his party in opposition.
His criticisms of the Zapatero administration were focused on what he perceived as:
- The derogation of ambitious plans of the previous executive
- The Plan Hidrológico Nacional National Hydrological Plan
- The LOCE Organic Law on the Quality of Education
- The alleged "unnecessary" statutory reforms, such as submitted in the Catalan, and Andalusian referendums with very high levels of abstention. According to Rajoy, some of those reforms constitute concealed changes of the autonomous communities towards a confederation, endangering the integrity of the State. He has said that if Zapatero wants to apply his view of Spain, it would be better if he proposed a reform of the Spanish Constitution, a reform that would need approval in a national referendum.
- The alleged weakness facing the peace process opened as a result of the permanent ceasefire declared by the organisation ETA in 2006, broken by the Barajas bombing and the arms robbery.[perinci lagi]
- The introduction of a citizenship subject in the last years of secondary education (Educación para la Ciudadanía) of polemic content (whose opponents, mainly the Catholic Church, and affiliated organisations, say is non-neutral and gives some left-wing political indoctrination). Rajoy has announced its cancellation if he wins the next elections.
- The legalization of abortion until 14 weeks of pregnancy, a law that Mariano Rajoy sees as "criminal" and against the will of large sectors of the Spanish society.
- In Foreign policy
- The alleged cold relations with United States and Poland.
- The supposed alliances with the Venezuela of Hugo Chávez, the Cuba of Castro and the Bolivia of Evo Morales.
- Immigration policy.
Ancestry
References
- ^ "«Ahora sería bueno que hubiera un gobierno con mayoría absoluta»". El Mundo. Diakses tanggal 2011-11-21.
- ^ http://www.electionresources.org/es/congress.php?election=2004&province=
- ^ CNN.com – Opposition leader survives Madrid helicopter crash – 1 Dec 2005[pranala nonaktif]
- ^ FT.com / World – Madrid mayor barred by own party
- ^ "Sarkozy y Merkel desean de "todo corazón" el triunfo de Mariano Rajoy". Elimparcial.es. 2008-01-30. Diakses tanggal 2011-11-21.
- ^ "Video: Sarkozy y Merkel le desean "un gran éxito" a Rajoy". Elpais.com. 2008-01-30. Diakses tanggal 2011-11-21.
External links
- Personal page
- Extensive biography by CIDOB (in Spanish)
Templat:People's Party (Spain) Templat:SpanishPrimeMinisters Templat:European Council