Pengepungan Szigetvár

Siege of Szigetvár; Battle of Szigeth
	Bagian dari Perang Utsmaniyah–Habsburg; dan Perang Utsmaniyah di Eropa
	; Johann Peter Krafft: Nikola Šubić Zrinski's charge from the fortress of Szigetvár (1825)
Tanggal	6 August 1566 – 8 September 1566
Lokasi	46°03′02″N 17°47′50″E / 46.050663°N 17.797354°E, Szigetvár, Baranya, Hungaria, Kekaisaran Habsburg
Hasil	Ottoman pyrrhic victory
Pihak terlibat
Kekaisaran Habsburg; Kerajaan Hungaria; Kerajaan Kroasia;	Kesultanan Utsmaniyah; Moldavia;
Tokoh dan pemimpin
; ; Nikola Šubić Zrinski†	; ; Suleiman I†; Sokollu Mehmet Paşa;
Kekuatan
2,300–3,000 Croats and Hungarians 600 able-bodied men by the end of the siege;	100,000–300,000 80,000 Orang Utsmaniya; 12,000–15,000 Orang Tatar; 7,000 Orang Moldavia;
Korban
Heavy;; Nicholas Zrinsky meninggal di akhir pertempuran.; Almost entire garrison wiped out. 2,300–3,000 killed in combat.;	Heavy;; Suleiman meninggal sewaktu pengepungan karena sebab alami.; 20,000–30,000 killed or died of sickness.;

Pengepungan Szigetvar atau Pertempuran Szigeth(bahasa Hungaria: 'Szigetvári csata', bahasa Kroasia: Bitka kod Sigeta, Sigetska bitka, bahasa Turki: Zigetvar Savaşı) adalah sebuah pengepungan Benteng Szigeth di Baranya(dekat perbatasan Hungaria/Kroasia sekarang) yang dihadang oleh garis terdepan Suleiman menuju Wina pada tahun 1566.^[11] Pertempuran terjadi antara pasukan pembela Habsburg dibawah kepemimpinan Ban Kroasia Nikola Šubić Zrinski (bahasa Hungaria: Zrínyi Miklós), dan invasi tentara Utsmaniyah dibawah komando Sultan Suleiman yang Agung (Turki Utsmani:سليمان Süleymān).^[11]

Setelah Pertempuran Mohács pada 1526, yang membuat akhir dari kedaulatan Kerajaan Hungaria, Ferdinand I terpilih sebagai Raja Hongaria dan Kroasia, baik oleh bangsawan Hongaria maupun Kroasia.^[12] Kejadian ini diikuti oleh serangkaian konflik Wangsa Habsburg dengan sekutu mereka, untuk melawan Kesultanan Utsmaniyah. Pada Perang Kecil di Hungaria, kedua belah pihak banyak kehilangan pasukan disebabkan banyaknya yang jatuh korban pada saat itu. Kampanye Turki Utsmani berhenti hingga penyerangan terhadap Szigetvár.^[13]

Pada Januari 1566, Suleiman pergi berperang untuk terakhir kalinya.^[14] Pengepungan Szigetvár terjadi dari 5 Agustus-8 September 1566, meskipun pengepungan tersebut menghasilkan kemenangan untuk Utsmaniyah, tapi disisi lain banyak kekuatan yang hilang.

Catatan

^ Although the Turks won the battle, the outcome can be seen as a "pyrrhic victory", because of a heavy Turkish casualties and the death of Sultan Suleiman. Moreover, the battle delayed the Ottoman push for Vienna that year and suspended the Ottoman expansion in Europe.
^ The majority of the defenders were ethnic Croats, which is clearly mentioned in the only first-hand report of the siege, written in "Podsjedanje i osvojenje Sigeta" by Franjo (Ferenc) Črnko, Zrinsky's chamberlain, and one of the surviving soldiers from the battle. Later works "Vazetje Sigeta grada" (1573) by Brne Karnarutić, "Szigeti veszedelem" (1647) by Nicholas VII Zrinsky, and "Opsida Sigecka" (1647) by Peter Zrinsky, also prove that Croats were a majority among the defenders.
^ The number of 300,000 Ottomans mentioned by some chroniclers, is probably overestimated. There is some tendency by some historians to exaggerate these figures to overstate the bravery of the outnumbered defenders of Szigetvár. Although, on 1 May 1566, Suleiman did left Istanbul at the head of one of the largest armies he had ever commanded, the number of his forces was probably closer to 100,000 than to 300,000.

Referensi

Catatan Kaki

^ Kohn (2006), p. 47.
^ Lázár and Tezla (1999), p. 70.
^ Timothy Hughes Rare & Early Newspapers, Item 548456. Retrieved 1 December 2009.
^ ^a ^b Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Lieber 345
^ Wheatcroft (2009), pp. 59–60.
^ Turnbull (2003), p. 57.
^ Shelton (1867), pp. 82–83.
^ Elliott (2000), p. 117.
^ Tait (1853), p. 679.
^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Coppée 562-565
^ ^a ^b Turnbull (2003), p. 56.
^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Corvisier and Childs289
^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Turnbull, 49-51
^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Turnbull, Stephen 1699

[3] Although the Turks won the battle, the outcome can be seen as a "pyrrhic victory", because of a heavy Turkish casualties and the death of Sultan Suleiman. Moreover, the battle delayed the Ottoman push for Vienna that year and suspended the Ottoman expansion in Europe.

[7] The majority of the defenders were ethnic Croats, which is clearly mentioned in the only first-hand report of the siege, written in "Podsjedanje i osvojenje Sigeta" by Franjo (Ferenc) Črnko, Zrinsky's chamberlain, and one of the surviving soldiers from the battle. Later works "Vazetje Sigeta grada" (1573) by Brne Karnarutić, "Szigeti veszedelem" (1647) by Nicholas VII Zrinsky, and "Opsida Sigecka" (1647) by Peter Zrinsky, also prove that Croats were a majority among the defenders.

[11] The number of 300,000 Ottomans mentioned by some chroniclers, is probably overestimated. There is some tendency by some historians to exaggerate these figures to overstate the bravery of the outnumbered defenders of Szigetvár. Although, on 1 May 1566, Suleiman did left Istanbul at the head of one of the largest armies he had ever commanded, the number of his forces was probably closer to 100,000 than to 300,000.

[Kohn,_47-1] Kohn (2006), p. 47.

[Lázár_and_Tezla,_70-2] Lázár and Tezla (1999), p. 70.

[rarenewspapers-4] Timothy Hughes Rare & Early Newspapers, Item 548456. Retrieved 1 December 2009.

[Lieber_345-5] Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Lieber 345

[Wheatcroft_59-60-6] Wheatcroft (2009), pp. 59–60.

[Turnbull,_57-8] Turnbull (2003), p. 57.

[Shelton_82-83-9] Shelton (1867), pp. 82–83.

[Elliott_117-10] Elliott (2000), p. 117.

[Tait_679-12] Tait (1853), p. 679.

[Coppée_562-565-13] Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Coppée 562-565

[Turnbull_56-14] Turnbull (2003), p. 56.

[Corvisier_and_Childs289-15] Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Corvisier and Childs289

[Turnbull,_49-51-16] Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Turnbull, 49-51

[Turnbull,_Stephen_1699-17] Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Turnbull, Stephen 1699

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