Yahwe

Yahweh (/ˈjɑːhweɪ/, atau sering disebut /ˈjɑːweɪ/ dalam bahasa Inggris; bahasa Ibrani: יהוה‎) adalah dewa nasional dari kerajaan Israel dan Yehuda, meskipun dewa ini tidak pernah disembah secara eksklusif oleh bangsa Israel. Namanya mungkin dimulai sebagai julukan kepada El, dewa tertinggi dalam Panteon Kanaan, Referensi terawal yang menyebut dewa ini didapat dari catatan Mesir Kuno yang menempatkannya sebagai dewa sembahan di antara kaum nomad di kawasan selatan Transjordan. Dalam literatur alkitab tertua, dia digambarkan sebagai "prajurit ilahi" yang memimpin tentara surgawi melawan semua musuh Israel; ia kemudian menjadi dewa utama dari kerajaan Samaria dan Yehuda, dan dalam kurun waktu tertentu, kerajaan mengangkat Yahweh sebagai dewa seluruh alam semesta, memiliki semua kualitas positif yang sebelumnya dikaitkan kepada dewa atau dewi lain. Pada masa akhir pembuangan ke Babilonia (abad ke-6 SM), keberadaan dewa-dewa asing disangkal, dan Yahweh dicanangkan sebagai pencipta alam semesta, sebagai dewa satu-satunya yang menjadi Tuhan sejati seluruh dunia.

Sekeping koin drachma (seperempat shekel) dari provinsi Persia Yehud, menampilkan dewa YHW (Yahweh) digambarkan sebagai laki-laki berjanggut duduk di atas takhta beroda dan bersayap.

Artikel ini mengenai dewa nasional kerajaan zaman besi Israel dan Yehuda. Untuk penggunaan lain, lihat Yahweh (disambiguasi). Lihat juga: Tetragrammaton.

Referensi

Daftar Pustaka

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